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Sam Nujoma

From Wikipedia
Sam Nujoma
human
Ein sex anaa gendermale Edit
Ein country of citizenshipNamibia Edit
Name in native languageSam Nujoma Edit
Birth nameSamuel Shafiishuna Daniel Nujoma Edit
Name wey dem give amSam Edit
Family nameNujoma Edit
Ein date of birth12 May 1929 Edit
Place dem born amOngandjera Edit
Date wey edie8 February 2025 Edit
Place wey edieWindhoek Edit
Place wey dem bury amHeroes' Acre Edit
SpouseKovambo Nujoma Edit
KiddieUtoni Nujoma Edit
Languages edey speak, rep anaa signEnglish Edit
Ein occupationpolitician, autobiographer Edit
Position eholdPresident of the Republic of Namibia, President of SWAPO Edit
Educate forUniversity of Namibia, Namibia University of Science and Technology Edit
Honorific prefixHis Excellency Edit
Political party ein memberSWAPO Party Edit
Candidacy in election1994 Namibian general election, 1999 Namibian presidential election Edit
Religion anaa worldviewLutheranism Edit
Dema official websitehttps://www.samnujomafoundation.org Edit

Samuel Shafiishuna Daniel Nujoma[1] (/nuːˈjoʊmə/ noo-YOH-mə; 12 May 1929 - 8 February 2025) na he be a Namibian revolutionary, anti-apartheid activist den politician wey serve three terms as de first presido of Namibia, from 1990 to 2005. Na Nujoma be a founding member den de first presido of de South West Africa People's Organisation (SWAPO) insyd 1960.

Na Nujoma cam be involved insyd anti-colonial politics during de 1950s. Insyd 1959, na he co-found den serve as de first presido of de Ovamboland People's Organization (OPO), a nationalist organization wey dey advocate an independent Namibia. Insyd December 1958 na he be an organizer of de Old Location resistance wey na dem arrest den deport am to Ovamboland. Insyd 1960, na he escape wey na he go into exile insyd Tanzania wer na he be welcomed by Julius Nyerere.

Na Nujoma play an important role as leader of de national liberation movement in campaigning give Namibia ein political independence from South African rule. Na dem rename de OPO insyd 1960. Na Nujoma establish de People's Liberation Army of Namibia (PLAN) insyd 1962 wey na he launch a guerrilla war against de apartheid government of South Africa insyd August 1966 at Omugulugwombashe after de United Nations withdraw de mandate for South Africa make dem govern de territory. Nujoma lead SWAPO during de lengthy Namibian War of Independence, wich last from 1966 to 1989.

Namibia achieve independence from South Africa insyd 1990 wey na dem hold ein first democratic elections de same year. SWAPO win a majority wey na dem swear in Nujoma as de country ein first presido on 21 March 1990. Na dem re-elect am for two more terms insyd 1994 den 1999. Nujoma retire as SWAPO party presido on 30 November 2007.

Na Nujoma publish ein autobiography Where Others Wavered insyd 2001. He receive chaw honours den awards for ein leadership, wey dey include de Lenin Peace Prize den de Indira Gandhi Peace Prize. Na de Parliament of Namibia confer on am de titles "Founding President of the Republic of Namibia" den "Father of the Namibian Nation". Insyd 2007, na SWAPO name am "Leader of the Namibian Revolution".

Early life

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Na dem born Samuel Shafiishuna Daniel Nujoma at Etunda, a village insyd Ongandjera, near Okahao, Ovamboland, South West Africa, on 12 May 1929.[2] Na Helvi Mpingana Kondombolo (1898–2008) den Daniel Uutoni Nujoma (1893–1968) born Nujoma. Na ein mommie Helvi be a Uukwambi princess by descent, wey na dis fact later go reinforce Nujoma ein charismatic influence during ein political career.[3] Na he be de eldest of ein parents dema eleven kiddies.[4]

Na Nujoma spend chaw of ein early kiddie dey look after ein siblings den dey tend to de family ein cattle den traditional farming activities.[5] Na ein educational opportunities be limited. Na he start dey attend a Finnish missionary school at Okahao wen na he be ten wey na he plete Standard Six, wich na e be as high as possible give blacks during de time. Insyd 1946, at age 17, na he move go Walvis Bay make he live plus ein aunt, wer na he begin ein first employment at a general store for a monthly salary of 10 shillings.[5] Na he later work at a whaling station. While der na he be exposed to world politics by meeting soldiers wey komot Argentina, Norway, den oda parts of Europe wey na dem cam during World War II.[5]

Insyd 1949, na Nujoma move go Windhoek, wer na he start dey work as a cleaner give South African Railways (SAR) while na he dey attend adult night school at St Barnabas Anglican Church School insyd de Windhoek Old Location, mainly make he improve ein English. Na he further study for ein Junior Certificate thru correspondence at de Trans‐Africa Correspondence College insyd South Africa.[6]

Ein life matter

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Na Nujoma marry Kovambo Theopoldine Katjimune on 6 May 1956.[7] Na de couple get three sons den one daughter: Utoni Daniel (born 1952), John Ndeshipanda (1955–1993),[8] Sakaria "Zacky" Nujoma (born 1957), den Nelago Nujoma (born 1959), wey die at 18 months while na Nujoma dey in exile.[9] Na two decades elapse before ein wifey join am abroad. Na Nujoma ein first-born son, Utoni, be a high-ranking politician den member of SWAPO wey na he serve insyd both de Cabinet den de National Assembly.[10] Na dem name ein youngest son, Sakaria, insyd de Panama Papers insyd 2016,[11] wich na e reveal details about de business connection between am den alleged Sicilian Mafia member Vito Palazzolo.[12]

Na dem arrest Nujoma ein poppie, Daniel Uutoni Nujoma, wey na ein sole "crime" be secof he be Nujoma ein father, at Okahao wey na dem send am to Pretoria prison insyd 1966. Der na he develop tuberculosis from wich na he die insyd 1968.[13] Na Nujoma ein mommie, Kuku Helvi Mpingana Kondombolo, die insyd November 2008; she be reportedly more dan 100 years old.[14]

Na dem publish Nujoma ein autobiography, Where Others Wavered, insyd 2001.[15]

Illness, death den funeral

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Na Nujoma make ein last public appearance at de funeral of presido Hage Geingob insyd February 2024.[16] Insyd July 2024, na dem hospitalize Nujoma insyd Windhoek after na he dey feel ill. Na dem hospitalise am de previous month seocf an illness wey na he miss a public engagement.[17]

On 8 February 2025, na Nujoma die at a hospital insyd Windhoek, wer na dem confine am for de previous three weeks secof an illness. Na he be 95.[18][19] Na de Namibian government announce a period of national mourning over ein death dey begin on 9 February[20] wey na dem order Nujoma ein remains to be transported to de Omusati, Oshana, Erongo, Kavango East, Zambezi, Otjozondjupa, Khomas den ǁKaras Regions.[21] Na dem hold a memorial service at Independence Stadium on 28 February 2025,[22] wich na e be followed by Nujoma ein burial on 1 March 2025 at Heroes' Acre.[23]

Na de African National Congress insyd South Africa set ein party flags at half-mast in mourning give Nujoma,[24] while na Cuba declare three days of national mourning give am.[25]

Honours den recognition

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Date of award Honour/award title Awarding body
1973 Lenin Peace Prize USSR[26]
1980 Frédéric Joliot-Curie Gold Medal World Peace Council[26]
1984 Medaglia Pontificia (Pope's Medal) Anno VI The Vatican City, Italy[26]
1988 Grant Master Order Merit: The Grant Cruz (Highest Order) Brazil[26]
1988 Ho Chi Minh Prize Vietnam[26]
1988 The Namibia Freedom Award California State University, USA[26]
1988 Honorary Citizenship of the City of Atlanta Atlanta, USA[26]
1988 Recognition granted City den County of San Francisco[26]
1988 Recognition granted City of Chicago[26]
1988 Recognition granted City of East Palo Alto[26]
1990 Indira Gandhi Peace Prize for Disarmament and Development India[26]
1991 Medaglia Pontificia (Pope's Medal) Anno XIII The Vatican City, Italy[26]
1991 Order of José Martí Cuba[26]
1991 Ordre du Merite Congo Republic of Congo[26]
1992 Chief of Golden Heart Kenya[26]
1992 Order of the National Flag (First Class) Democratic People's Republic of Korea
1994 "Grand Cordon" Decoration Tunisia[26]
1995 Grand Master of the Order of Welwitschia Namibia[26]
1995 Order of Liberty (Grand Collar) Portugal[26]
1995 Africa Prize for Leadership for the Sustainable End of Hunger The Hunger Project[26]
1996 Order of Good Hope (Gold) South Africa[26]
2002 Order of Friendship Award Vietnam[26]
2003 O.B.F.F.S. Romania[26]
2003 Fellowship Award of the Institute of Governance and Social Research Institute of Governance and Social Research, Nigeria[26]
2004 Companion of the Order of the Star of Ghana (Ghana National Highest Award) Ghana[26]
2004 Founding President of the Republic of Namibia and Father of the Namibian Nation Namibian Parliament[26]
2004 Lifetime Conservation Award Cheetah Conservation Fund (na Nujoma be de international patron of dis organisation since 1991)[27]
2007 Leader of the Namibian Revolution SWAPO Party of Namibia[26]
2008 International KIM IL Sung Prize Certificate Democratic People's Republic of Korea
2010 Sir Seretse Khama SADC Meda SADC[26]
2016 Order of Solidarity "El Mehdi Ben Barka" Cuba[28]
2018 Order of the Companions of O. R. Tambo South Africa[26]
2021 Order of Francisco de Miranda First Class Venezuela[29]

Honorary doctorates

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Date of award Title Awarding university
1973 Honorary Doctorate of Law Ahmadu Bello University, Nigeria
1975 Honorary Doctorate of Computer Science Ombwana University, Malawi
1986 Certificate of Honour University of Ibadan, Nigeria
1990 Honorary Doctorate Degree of Law Lincoln University, USA
1990 Honorary Doctorate Degree of Law National University of Lesotho, Lesotho[30]
1992 Honorary Doctorate Degree of Technology Federal University of Technology Minna, Nigeria
1993 Honorary Doctorate Degree in Education University of Namibia
1993 Honorary Doctorate Degree of Law Central State University, USA
1996 Doctor of Laws University of Atlanta, USA,
1997 Honorary Doctorate Degree of Laws Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, USA
1998 Honorary Doctorate Degree Russian Economic Academy, Russia
1998 Honorary Doctorate Degree Peoples' Friendship University of Russia, Russia
1999 Honorary Degree of Doctor of Public Service La Roche College, USA
1999 Honorary Degree of Doctor of Laws University of Zimbabwe
2003 Honorary Degree of Doctor of Science Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University, Nigeria
2005 Honorary Doctorate in Public Management Polytechnic of Namibia[31]
2006 Honorary Professor China University of Geosciences
2015 Doctor of Philosophy in Peace and Conflict Studies University of Zambia

References

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  1. ↑ "Sam Nujoma (Samuel Shafiishuna Daniel Nujoma)". Africa Confidential. 10 February 2025. Retrieved 12 February 2025.
  2. ↑ McKenna, Amy (2010). The History of Southern Africa. Britannica Educational Publishing. p. 128. ISBN 978-1615303984. Archived from the original on 13 March 2022. Retrieved 28 October 2020.
  3. ↑ "So long to Sam Nujoma, Namibia's first president". afrolegends.com. Retrieved March 5, 2025.
  4. ↑ Cowell, Alan. "Sam Nujoma of Namibia Dead at 95". The New York Times. Archived from the original on 9 February 2025. Retrieved 10 February 2025.
  5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 5.2 Sam Nujoma (2001). Where Others Wavered. Panaf Books.
  6. ↑ Hilukilwa, Placido (8 December 2008). "Namibië begrawe sy volksmoeder" [Namibia buries her mother of the nation]. Die Republikein (in Afrikaans). Archived from the original on 22 February 2014. Retrieved 4 February 2013.
  7. ↑ Dierks, Klaus. "Biographies of Namibian Personalities, N". www.klausdierks.com. Archived from the original on 3 October 2018. Retrieved 30 December 2022.
  8. ↑ Namutewa, Tyappa (11 October 1993). "'Pakkie' laid to rest" (PDF). The Namibian. pp. 1, 3. Archived from the original (PDF) on 22 December 2022. Retrieved 22 December 2022.
  9. ↑ "Biography". Sam Nujoma Foundation. Archived from the original on 4 December 2022. Retrieved 30 December 2022.
  10. ↑ Obituaries, Telegraph (9 February 2025). "Sam Nujoma, independence leader who became Namibia's founding president". The Telegraph (in British English). ISSN 0307-1235. Retrieved 10 February 2025.
  11. ↑ Mongudhi, Tileni; Kahiurika, Ndanki (7 April 2016). "Nujoma link in 'Panama Papers'". The Namibian. Archived from the original on 18 April 2016. Retrieved 10 December 2016.
  12. ↑ "Nujoma link in Panama Papers". 7 April 2016.
  13. ↑ "Andimba A Toivo Ya Toivo". Parliament of Namibia. Archived from the original on 30 March 2004.
  14. ↑ "'Grandmother of the nation' passes away". The Namibian. 27 November 2008.
  15. ↑ "Where Others Wavered: The Autobiography of Sam Nujoma - My Life in SWAPO and My Participation in the Liberation Struggle of Namibia". Namibia Digital Repository. Retrieved 11 February 2025.
  16. ↑ "Namibia's founding president, Sam Nujoma, dies aged 95". The Namibian (in English). 9 February 2025. Retrieved 9 February 2025.
  17. ↑ "Founding president hospitalised". The Namibian (in English). 19 July 2024. Archived from the original on 20 July 2024. Retrieved 19 July 2024.
  18. ↑ "Namibia's 'founding father' Sam Nujoma dies at 95". DW (in English). 9 February 2025. Retrieved 9 February 2025.
  19. ↑ "Sam Nujoma: First president of Namibia dies aged 95". BBC (in British English). 9 February 2025. Archived from the original on 9 February 2025. Retrieved 9 February 2025.
  20. ↑ "Namibia enters period of national mourning". The Namibian (in English). 11 February 2025. Retrieved 11 February 2025.
  21. ↑ "Nujoma's remains will be flown to 7 regions". The Namibian (in English). 16 February 2025. Retrieved 16 February 2025.
  22. ↑ "Thousands gather for Nujoma's last memorial service". The Namibian (in English). 28 February 2025. Retrieved 1 March 2025.
  23. ↑ "'End of era' for Africa as Namibia buries founding father". BBC. 1 March 2025. Retrieved 1 March 2025.
  24. ↑ "South Africa's ANC flies flag at half-mast for Namibia's founding father, Nujoma". The Namibian (in English). 9 February 2025. Retrieved 9 February 2025.
  25. ↑ "Cuba declares three days of mourning in honour of Nujoma". The Namibian (in English). 11 February 2025. Retrieved 11 February 2025.
  26. ↑ 26.00 26.01 26.02 26.03 26.04 26.05 26.06 26.07 26.08 26.09 26.10 26.11 26.12 26.13 26.14 26.15 26.16 26.17 26.18 26.19 26.20 26.21 26.22 26.23 26.24 26.25 26.26 26.27 "Achievements & Accomplishments". The Sam Nujoma Foundation. Retrieved 10 February 2025.
  27. ↑ "President Nujoma Given Conservation Award" (PDF). CCF News. Spring 2005. Archived from the original (PDF) on 21 October 2012.
  28. ↑ "Cuba honours Nujoma". Namibian Sun. 14 October 2016. Archived from the original on 18 October 2016. Retrieved 15 October 2016.
  29. ↑ Tjitemisa, Kuzeeko (4 March 2021). "Nujoma humbled by Venezuela recognition". New Era. Archived from the original on 21 October 2021. Retrieved 21 October 2021.
  30. ↑ "NUL History – NUL". National University of Lesotho (in American English). Archived from the original on 23 November 2022. Retrieved 2 January 2023.
  31. ↑ Philander, Frederick (11 April 2005). "Namibia: Do We Have What It Takes?". New Era. Archived from the original on 31 March 2012.

Insyd book den film

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  • Sam Nujoma, Where Others Wavered, The Autobiography of Sam Nujoma, London 2001
  • Namibia: The Struggle for Liberation, epic film by Charles Burnett, the Namibian independence movement through the eyes of Nujoma
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Dem retrieve am from "https://gpe.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Sam_Nujoma&oldid=65434"