Sarcoidosis
| Subclass of | type IV hypersensitivity, disease  |
|---|---|
| Dem name after | Ernest Besnier |
| Health specialty | hematology, dermatology, pulmonology, ophthalmology |
| Symptoms and signs | cough, dyspnea |
| Possible treatment | ibuprofen, methotrexate |
| Genetic association | BTNL2 |
| External data available at URL | http://www.nanbyou.or.jp/entry/110 |
| ICD-9-CM | 135 |
| NCI Thesaurus ID | C34995 |
Sarcoidosis, dem sanso know as Besnier–Boeck–Schaumann disease, be a non-infectious granulomatous disease wey dey involve abnormal collections of inflammatory cells wey dey form lump dem know as granulomata.[1] De disease usually dey begin insyd de lungs, skin, anaa lymph nodes.[1] Less commonly affected be de eyes, liver, heart, den brain, though any organ fi be affected.[1] De signs den symptoms dey depend on de organ involved.[1] Often, no symptoms anaa mild symptoms per be seen.[1] Wen e affect de lungs, wheezing, coughing, shortness of breath, anaa chest pain fi occur.[2] Sam fi get Löfgren syndrome, plus fever, enlarged hilar lymph nodes, arthritis, den a rash dem know as erythema nodosum.[1]
De cause of sarcoidosis be unknown.[1] Sam believe e fi be secof an immune reaction to a trigger such as an infection anaa chemicals insyd those wey be genetically predisposed.[3][4] Those plus affected family members be at greater risk.[5] Diagnosis partly be based on signs den symptoms, wich fi be supported by biopsy.[6] Findings wey dey make am likely dey include large lymph nodes at de root of de lung on both sides, high blood calcium plus a normal parathyroid hormone level, anaa elevated levels of angiotensin-converting enzyme insyd de blood.[6] Dem for make de diagnosis only after dem exclude oda possible causes of similar symptoms such as tuberculosis.[6]
Sarcoidosis fi resolve widout any treatment within a few years.[1][7] However, sam people fi get long-term anaa severe disease.[7] Sam symptoms fi be improved plus de use of anti-inflammatory drugs such as ibuprofen.[8] Insyd cases wer de condition dey cause significant health problems, steroids such as prednisone be indicated.[9] Medications such as methotrexate, chloroquine, anaa azathioprine occasionally fi be used in an effort to decrease de side effects of steroids.[9] De risk of death be 1–7%.[7] De chance of de disease returning insyd sam bro wey na dem previously get am be less dan 5%.[1]
Insyd 2015, na pulmonary sarcoidosis den interstitial lung disease affect 1.9 million people globally wey na e result in 122,000 deaths.[10][11] E be most common insyd Scandinavians, buh dey occur insyd all parts of de world.[12] Insyd de United States, risk be greater among black dan white people.[12] E usually dey begin between de ages of 20 den 50.[5] E dey occur more often insyd women dan men.[5] Na de English doctor Jonathan Hutchinson first describe sarcoidosis insyd 1877 as a non-painful skin disease.[13]
References
[edit | edit source]- 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 "What Is Sarcoidosis?". NHLBI. June 14, 2013. Archived from the original on 6 April 2016. Retrieved 28 March 2016.
- ↑ "What Are the Signs and Symptoms of Sarcoidosis?". NHLBI. June 14, 2013. Archived from the original on 7 April 2016. Retrieved 29 March 2016.
- ↑ Baughman RP, Culver DA, Judson MA (March 2011). "A concise review of pulmonary sarcoidosis". American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine. 183 (5): 573–81. doi:10.1164/rccm.201006-0865CI. PMC 3081278. PMID 21037016.
- ↑ "What Causes Sarcoidosis?". NHLBI. June 14, 2013. Archived from the original on 6 April 2016. Retrieved 28 March 2016.
- 1 2 3 "Who Is at Risk for Sarcoidosis?". NHLBI. June 14, 2013. Archived from the original on 7 April 2016. Retrieved 28 March 2016.
- 1 2 3 Govender P, Berman JS (December 2015). "The Diagnosis of Sarcoidosis". Clinics in Chest Medicine. 36 (4): 585–602. doi:10.1016/j.ccm.2015.08.003. PMID 26593135.
- 1 2 3 Wijsenbeek MS, Culver DA (December 2015). "Treatment of Sarcoidosis". Clinics in Chest Medicine. 36 (4): 751–67. doi:10.1016/j.ccm.2015.08.015. PMID 26593147.
- ↑ Drent M, Cremers JP, Jansen TL (May 2014). "Pulmonology meets rheumatology in sarcoidosis: a review on the therapeutic approach". Current Opinion in Rheumatology. 26 (3): 276–84. doi:10.1097/bor.0000000000000052. PMID 24614277. S2CID 24353355.
- 1 2 Judson MA (February 2016). "Corticosteroids in Sarcoidosis". Rheumatic Disease Clinics of North America. 42 (1): 119–35, ix. doi:10.1016/j.rdc.2015.08.012. PMID 26611555.
- ↑ Vos, Theo; et al. (October 2016). "Global, regional, and national incidence, prevalence, and years lived with disability for 310 diseases and injuries, 1990–2015: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015". Lancet. 388 (10053): 1545–1602. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(16)31678-6. PMC 5055577. PMID 27733282.
- ↑ Wang, Haidong; et al. (October 2016). "Global, regional, and national life expectancy, all-cause mortality, and cause-specific mortality for 249 causes of death, 1980–2015: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015". Lancet. 388 (10053): 1459–1544. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(16)31012-1. PMC 5388903. PMID 27733281.
- 1 2 Kobak S (October 2015). "Sarcoidosis: a rheumatologist's perspective". Therapeutic Advances in Musculoskeletal Disease. 7 (5): 196–205. doi:10.1177/1759720x15591310. PMC 4572362. PMID 26425148.
- ↑ James DG, Sharma OP (September 2002). "From Hutchinson to now: a historical glimpse" (PDF). Current Opinion in Pulmonary Medicine. 8 (5): 416–23. doi:10.1097/00063198-200209000-00013. PMID 12172446. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2016-03-04.
External links
[edit | edit source]
- Sarcoidosis UK Information Hub
- Iannuzzi MC, Sah BP (March 2008). Sarcoidosis: Interstitial Lung Diseases. The Merck Manual Home Edition (Merck Sharp & Dohme Corp). Retrieved 19 February 2014.
