Sba'iyyin Madrasa
| Part of | Medina of Fez  |
|---|---|
| Country | Morocco |
| Edey de administrative territorial entity insyd | Fez |
| Coordinate location | 34°3′47″N 4°58′6″W |
| Heritage designation | Moroccan cultural heritage, part of UNESCO World Heritage Site |
De Sba'iyyin Madrasa anaa Madrasa as-Sba'iyyin (dem sanso spell am Sbaiyin anaa Sebaaiyyine; ) be a historic madrasa insyd de medina of Fes, Morocco. Edey locate insyd de Andalous quarter of Fes el-Bali, next to de al-Andalus Mosque. Na Abu al-Hassan found am insyd 1323 wey edey adjoin de larger Sahrij Madrasa, wich na dem found just before am.[1] Togeda, de two madrasas serve make dem teach den lodge students insyd de vicinity of de main mosque.[2][3][4]
History
[edit | edit source]Historical background
[edit | edit source]Na dem build de madrasa during de Marinid era, wen na dem build chaw of Fes ein historic madrasas. Na Abu al-Hassan commission am insyd 1323, wey he later cam turn sultan buh for dat time na he be a prince den heir apparent to ein poppie, Sultan Abu Sa'id Uthman II.[3] Na dem initially know de madrasa as Madrasa al-Sughra (de "Lesser/Smaller Madrasa") secof na dem build am as a complement to de larger Madrasa al-Kubra ("Greater Madrasa"), dem later know as de Madrasa as-Sahrij.[3][4][5] Na dem eventually cam know am as de Madrasa as-Sba'iyyin (roughly: "Madrasa of those wey teach de Seven Recitations of de Qur'an") presumably secof de madrasa ein specialization for teaching de seven canonical methods of reciting de Qur'an.[3] Togeda, de Madrasa as-Sahrij den de Madrasa as-Sba'iyyin provide both lodging den teaching give students wey dey study for de nearby Andalus Mosque, much as de Seffarine den al-Attarine Madrasas serve students for de al-Qarawiyyin Mosque across de river.[2][3][4] Na dem sanso accompany de madrasas by anoda funduq anaa hospice, buh na dis disappear since.[3]
Recent damage den restoration
[edit | edit source]Na dem likely fi restore de madrasa chaw times along plus ein neighbouring counterpart, de Sahrij Madrasa. However, na both madrasas eventually fall into neglect insyd recent decades. Na der be initial efforts make dem repair den protect dem insyd de 2000s, wey dey include from de World Monuments Fund, buh then dem suffer from further vandalism.[4] For particular, na dem do serious damage to de Sba'iyyin Madrasa insyd 2009 wen looters remove two carved wooden beams den sam of de marble columns wey hold up de gallery balcony, wey dey cause de second floor of de gallery make e collapse.[6] Na dem recently repair den restore de two madrasas by de local heritage agency ADER-Fès wey na dem gbele dem insyd 2017, as part of a wider program of rehabilitation for Fes el-Bali wich start insyd 2013.[7][8]
Architecture
[edit | edit source]De madrasa be contemporary to de neighbouring Sahrij Madrasa buh ebe smaller den less extensively decorated dan de latter. Edey cover an area of 183 square metres.[7] Edey enter from de street via a bent passage, buh na e sanso apparently connect to de oda madrasa via anoda interior passage.[5] Insyd, edey consist of small courtyard plus a small central fountain wey ebe surrounded by a two-story gallery dem support by marble columns den brick pillars.[5][7] De ceiling above de columns be supported by wooden beam lintels wich dem carve plus arch-like den arabesque motifs as well as Arabic inscriptions.[5] Both levels of de gallery dey give access to de student accommodations, a total of 23 sleeping rooms plus 3 office rooms.[5][7] For de ground floor, for de far end of de courtyard den across from de entrance, be a small prayer hall wich be undecorated (anaa e lost ein former decoration) wey e get a simple mihrab.[5]
Sanso spy
[edit | edit source]- Bou Inania Madrasa
- Madrasa of Abu al-Hassan (insyd Salé)
References
[edit | edit source]- ↑ Kubisch, Natascha (2011). "Maghreb - Architecture" in Hattstein, Markus and Delius, Peter (eds.) Islam: Art and Architecture. h.f.ullmann. p. 312.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 Parker, Richard (1981). A practical guide to Islamic Monuments in Morocco. Charlottesville, VA: The Baraka Press.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 Le Tourneau, Roger (1949). Fès avant le protectorat: étude économique et sociale d'une ville de l'occident musulman. Casablanca: Société Marocaine de Librairie et d'Édition. p. 69.
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 "Sahrij and Sbaiyin Madrassa Complex". World Monuments Fund (in English). Retrieved 2020-03-28.
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 5.2 5.3 5.4 5.5 Marçais, Georges (1954). L'architecture musulmane d'Occident. Paris: Arts et métiers graphiques. pp. 287–288.
- ↑ Sumayya (2009-02-13). "Reading Morocco: Thieves Target 14th Century World Heritage Site Madrasa in Fez". Reading Morocco. Retrieved 2020-03-28.
- ↑ 7.0 7.1 7.2 7.3 "La magnifique rénovation des 27 monuments de Fès – Conseil Régional du Tourisme (CRT) de Fès" (in French). Retrieved 2020-03-28.
- ↑ "Les médersas de Fès, une richesse patrimoniale et civilisationnelle". MapFes (in French). 2020-03-10. Retrieved 2020-03-28.
External links
[edit | edit source]- Video montage (on YouTube) showing monuments restored by ADER-Fes, before and after restoration, including the heavily damaged Sba'iyyin Madrasa (see time 1:06)