Scoliosis
| Subclass of | bone structure disease, spinal disease, abnormal spinal curvature, clinical sign  |
|---|---|
| Health specialty | orthopedics |
| ICD-9-CM | 737.43 |
| ICPC 2 ID | L85 |
| NCI Thesaurus ID | C78603 |
Scoliosis (pl.: scolioses) be a medical condition insyd wich de spine get an irregular curve[1] insyd de coronal plane, dem associate plus a rotational component. De curve usually be S- anaa C-shaped over three dimensions.[1][2] Insyd sam cases, de degree of curvature remain stable, while insyd odas e dey increase over time. [3] Mild scoliosis no dey typically cause problems, buh more severe cases fi affect breathing den movement.[3][4] Pain usually be present insyd adults wey fi worsen plus age.[5] As de condition dey progress, e fi affect a person ein quality of life den, insyd sam cases, fi be considered a disability.[6] E fi be compared to kyphosis den lordosis, oda abnormal curvatures of de spine wich be insyd de sagittal plane (front-back) rada dan de coronal (left-right).
De cause of chaw cases be unknown, buh e be believed to involve a combination of genetic den environmental factors.[3] Scoliosis most often occurs during growth spurts right before puberty.[7] Risk factors dey include de affected family members.[1] E sanso fi occur secof anoda condition such as muscle spasms, cerebral palsy, Marfan syndrome, den tumors such as neurofibromatosis.[1] Diagnosis be confirmed plus X-rays.[1] Scoliosis typically be classified as either structural insyd wich de curve be fixed, anaa functional insyd wich de underlying spine be normal.[1] Left-right asymmetries, of de vertebrae den dema musculature, especially insyd de thoracic region,[8] fi cause mechanical instability of de spinal column.
Treatment dey depend on de degree of curve, location, den cause.[1] De age of de patient sanso be important, since sam treatments be ineffective insyd adults, wey no longer dey grow. Minor curves simply fi be watched periodically.[1] Treatments fi include bracing, specific exercises, posture checking, den surgery.[1][9] De brace for be fitted to de person den used daily til growth stop.[1] Specific exercises, such as exercises wey focus on de core, fi be used to try to decrease de risk of worsening.[9] Dem fi do am alone anaa along plus oda treatments such as bracing.[10][11] Evidence say chiropractic manipulation, dietary supplements, anaa exercises fi prevent de condition from worsening be weak.[1][12] However, exercise still be recommended secof ein oda health benefits.[1]
Scoliosis dey occur insyd about 3% of people.[13] E most commonly dey develop between de ages of ten den twenty.[1] Females typically be more severely affected dan males plus a ratio of 4:1.[1][3] De term be from Ancient Greek σκολίωσις (skolíōsis) 'a bending'..[14]
References
[edit | edit source]- 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 "Questions and Answers about Scoliosis in Children and Adolescents". NIAMS. December 2015. Archived from the original on 25 August 2016. Retrieved 12 August 2016.
- ↑ Illés TS, Lavaste F, Dubousset JF (April 2019). "The third dimension of scoliosis: The forgotten axial plane". Orthopaedics & Traumatology, Surgery & Research. 105 (2): 351–359. doi:10.1016/j.otsr.2018.10.021. hdl:10985/18316. PMID 30665877.
- 1 2 3 4 "Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis". Genetics Home Reference. September 2013. Archived from the original on 16 August 2016. Retrieved 12 August 2016.
- ↑ Yang S, Andras LM, Redding GJ, Skaggs DL (January 2016). "Early-Onset Scoliosis: A Review of History, Current Treatment, and Future Directions". Pediatrics. 137 (1) e20150709. doi:10.1542/peds.2015-0709. PMID 26644484. S2CID 557560.
- ↑ Agabegi SS, Kazemi N, Sturm PF, Mehlman CT (December 2015). "Natural History of Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis in Skeletally Mature Patients: A Critical Review". The Journal of the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons. 23 (12): 714–723. doi:10.5435/jaaos-d-14-00037. PMID 26510624. S2CID 6735774.
- ↑ "Disability for Scoliosis | Bross & Frankel". brossfrankel.com (in American English). Retrieved 2023-06-15.
- ↑ "Scoliosis - Symptoms and causes". Mayo Clinic.
- ↑ Kouwenhoven, Jan-Willem; Vincken, Koen L.; Bartels, Lambertus W.; Castelein, Rene M. (2006). "Analysis of preexistent vertebral rotation in the normal spine". Spine. 31 (13): 1467–1472. doi:10.1097/01.brs.0000219938.14686.b3. PMID 16741456. S2CID 2401041.
- 1 2 Negrini S, Donzelli S, Aulisa AG, Czaprowski D, Schreiber S, de Mauroy JC, et al. (2018). "2016 SOSORT guidelines: orthopaedic and rehabilitation treatment of idiopathic scoliosis during growth". Scoliosis and Spinal Disorders. 13 3. doi:10.1186/s13013-017-0145-8. PMC 5795289. PMID 29435499.
- ↑ Berdishevsky H, Lebel VA, Bettany-Saltikov J, Rigo M, Lebel A, Hennes A, et al. (2016). "Physiotherapy scoliosis-specific exercises - a comprehensive review of seven major schools". Scoliosis and Spinal Disorders. 11 20. doi:10.1186/s13013-016-0076-9. PMC 4973373. PMID 27525315.
- ↑ Park JH, Jeon HS, Park HW (June 2018). "Effects of the Schroth exercise on idiopathic scoliosis: a meta-analysis". European Journal of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine. 54 (3): 440–449. doi:10.23736/S1973-9087.17.04461-6. PMID 28976171. S2CID 39497372.
- ↑ Thompson JY, Williamson EM, Williams MA, Heine PJ, Lamb SE (June 2019). "Effectiveness of scoliosis-specific exercises for adolescent idiopathic scoliosis compared with other non-surgical interventions: a systematic review and meta-analysis". Physiotherapy. 105 (2): 214–234. doi:10.1016/j.physio.2018.10.004. PMID 30824243. S2CID 73471547.
- ↑ Shakil H, Iqbal ZA, Al-Ghadir AH (2014). "Scoliosis: review of types of curves, etiological theories and conservative treatment". Journal of Back and Musculoskeletal Rehabilitation. 27 (2): 111–115. doi:10.3233/bmr-130438. PMID 24284269.
- ↑ "Scoliosis Definition & Meaning". Archived from the original on 16 August 2016. Retrieved 12 August 2016..
External links
[edit | edit source]
- Early Onset Scoliosis is the abnormal, side-to-side curve of the spine in children under five years old, often including children with congenital scoliosis (present at birth, with spine abnormalities) and infantile scoliosis (birth to three years).
- Questions and Answers about Scoliosis in Children and Adolescents – US National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases
