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Scurvy

From Wikipedia
scurvy
class of disease
Subclass ofnutritional deficiency disease, ascorbic acid deficiency, vitamin deficiency, disease Edit
Has causeascorbic acid deficiency Edit
Time of discovery anaa invention2000 BCE Edit
Health specialtyinternal medicine Edit
Drug or therapy used for treatmentsodium ascorbate Edit
NCI Thesaurus IDC35010 Edit

Scurvy anaa scorbutus be a deficiency disease (state of malnutrition) wey dey result from a lack of vitamin C (ascorbic acid).[1] Early symptoms of deficiency dey include weakness, fatigue, den sore arms den legs.[1][2] Widout treatment, decreased red blood cells, gum disease, changes to hair, den bleeding from de skin fi occur.[1][3] As scurvy dey worsen, der fi be poor wound healing, personality changes, den finally death from infection anaa bleeding.[2]

E dey take at least a month of little to no vitamin C insyd de diet before symptoms dey occur.[1][2] Insyd modern times, scurvy dey occur most commonly insyd kiddies dem neglect, people plus mental disorders, unusual eating habits, alcoholism, den older people wey dey live alone.[2] Oda risk factors dey include intestinal malabsorption den dialysis.[2]

While chaw animals dey produce dema vitamin C, humans den a few oda no dey do.[2] Vitamin C, an antioxidant, be required to make de building blocks for collagen, carnitine, den catecholamines, den dey assist de intestines insyd de absorption of iron from foods.[2][4][5] Diagnosis typically dey base on outward appearance, X-rays, den improvement after treatment.[2]

Treatment be plus vitamin C supplements dem dey take by mouth,[1] anaa intravenously for optimal resolution. Improvement often dey begin insyd a few days plus complete recovery insyd a few weeks.[6] Sources of vitamin C insyd de diet dey include raw citrus fruit den chaw raw vegetables, wey dey include red peppers, broccoli, den tomatoes.[6] Cooking often dey decrease de residual amount of vitamin C insyd chows.[6]

Scurvy be rare compared to oda nutritional deficiencies.[6] E dey occur more often insyd de developing world in association plus malnutrition.[6] Rates among refugees be reported at 5 to 45 percent.[7] Na dem describe scurvy as early as de time of ancient Egypt, den historically na e be a limiting factor insyd long-distance sea travel, often dey kill large numbers of people.[6][8] During de later Age of Sail, na e be assumed say na 50 percent of de sailors go die of scurvy on a major voyage of exploration.[9][10] Insyd long sea voyages, na crews be isolated from land for extended periods wey na dese voyages rely on large staples of a limited variety of chows den de lack of fruit, vegetables, den oda chows wey dey contain vitamin C insyd diets of sailors result in scurvy.[11]

References

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  1. 1 2 3 4 5 "Scurvy". GARD. 1 September 2016. Archived from the original on 26 January 2017. Retrieved 26 September 2016.
  2. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Agarwal, A; Shaharyar, A; Kumar, A; Bhat, MS; Mishra, M (June 2015). "Scurvy in pediatric age group - A disease often forgotten?". Journal of Clinical Orthopaedics and Trauma. 6 (2): 101–7. doi:10.1016/j.jcot.2014.12.003. PMC 4411344. PMID 25983516.
  3. ↑ "Vitamin C". Office of Dietary Supplements (in English). 11 February 2016. Archived from the original on 30 July 2017. Retrieved 18 July 2017.
  4. ↑ Coffee, Carole J. (1999). Quick Look: Metabolism. Hayes Barton. p. 26. ISBN 1-59377-192-4.
  5. ↑ "Vitamin C". Linus Pauling Institute (in English). 2014-04-22. Archived from the original on 2018-09-16. Retrieved 2023-06-04.
  6. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Agarwal, A; Shaharyar, A; Kumar, A; Bhat, MS; Mishra, M (June 2015). "Scurvy in pediatric age group - A disease often forgotten?". Journal of Clinical Orthopaedics and Trauma. 6 (2): 101–7. doi:10.1016/j.jcot.2014.12.003. PMC 4411344. PMID 25983516.
  7. ↑ Renzaho, Andre M. N. (2016). Globalisation, Migration and Health: Challenges and Opportunities (in English). World Scientific. p. 94. ISBN 978-1-78326-889-4. Archived from the original on 8 September 2017.
  8. ↑ Toler, Pamela D. (2012). Mankind: The Story of All of Us (in English). Running Press. p. 296. ISBN 978-0762447176. Archived from the original on 8 September 2017.
  9. ↑ Price, Catherine (2017). "The Age of Scurvy". Distillations. Vol. 3, no. 2. pp. 12–23. Archived from the original on January 24, 2021. Retrieved April 17, 2018.
  10. ↑ Lamb, Jonathon (2011). "BBC - History - British History in depth: Captain Cook and the Scourge of Scurvy". Bbc.co.uk. Archived from the original on 6 March 2022. Retrieved 5 March 2022.
  11. ↑ Myers, Richard L. (2007). The 100 Most Important Chemical Compounds: A Reference Guide. ABC-CLIO. pp. 30–32. ISBN 978-0-313-33758-1. Archived from the original on 17 June 2016. Retrieved 21 November 2015.

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