Sex and gender differences in autism
sex differences in autism
| Subclass of | gender disparities in health  |
|---|
Sex and gender differences in autism dey exist wey dey regard prevalence, presentation, den diagnosis.
Men den boys be more frequently diagnosed plus autism dan women den girlies. E be debated whether dis be secof a sex difference in rates of autism spectrum disorders (ASD) anaa whether females be underdiagnosed.[1][2] De prevalence ratio often be cited as about four males for every one female diagnosed.[3] Oda research dey indicate say e be closer to 3:1 anaa 2:1.[2][4] One in every 42 males den one insyd 189 females insyd de United States be diagnosed plus autism spectrum disorder.[5] Der be sam evidence say females sanso fi receive diagnoses somewat later dan males; however, thus far results be contradictory.[6]
References
[edit | edit source]- ↑ Halladay, Alycia K; Bishop, Somer; Constantino, John N; Daniels, Amy M; Koenig, Katheen; Palmer, Kate; Messinger, Daniel; Pelphrey, Kevin; Sanders, Stephan J; Singer, Alison Tepper; Taylor, Julie Lounds; Szatmari, Peter (December 2015). "Sex and gender differences in autism spectrum disorder: summarizing evidence gaps and identifying emerging areas of priority". Molecular Autism. 6 (1): 36. doi:10.1186/s13229-015-0019-y. PMC 4465158. PMID 26075049.
- 1 2 Loomes, Rachel; Hull, Laura; Mandy, William Polmear Locke (June 2017). "What Is the Male-to-Female Ratio in Autism Spectrum Disorder? A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis". Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry. 56 (6): 466–474. doi:10.1016/j.jaac.2017.03.013. PMID 28545751. S2CID 20420861.
- ↑ Fombonne, Eric (June 2009). "Epidemiology of Pervasive Developmental Disorders". Pediatric Research. 65 (6): 591–598. doi:10.1203/PDR.0b013e31819e7203. PMID 19218885. S2CID 20373463.
- ↑ Hull, Laura; Petrides, K. V.; Mandy, William (December 2020). "The Female Autism Phenotype and Camouflaging: a Narrative Review". Review Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders. 7 (4): 306–317. doi:10.1007/s40489-020-00197-9. S2CID 214314845.
- ↑ "Data and Statistics on Autism Spectrum Disorder". Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. 25 September 2020.
- ↑ Begeer, Sander; Mandell, David; Wijnker-Holmes, Bernadette; Venderbosch, Stance; Rem, Dorien; Stekelenburg, Fred; Koot, Hans M. (May 2013). "Sex Differences in the Timing of Identification Among Children and Adults with Autism Spectrum Disorders". Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders. 43 (5): 1151–1156. doi:10.1007/s10803-012-1656-z. PMID 23001766. S2CID 2705562.
External links
[edit | edit source]- Hendrickx, Sarah (2015). Women and Girls with Autism Spectrum Disorder: Understanding Life Experiences from Early Childhood to Old Age. London and Philadelphia, PA: Jessica Kingsley Publishers. ISBN 978-0-85700-982-1.
- Brady, Fern (2023). Strong Female Character. Harmony/Rodale. ISBN 978-0-593-58250-3.