Shaka

Shaka Zulu

human

Ein sex anaa gender	male
Ein country of citizenship	Zulu Kingdom
Name in native language	Shaka kaSenzangakhona
Ein date of birth	July 1787, 1787, 1786
Place dem born am	Mthethwa Paramountcy
Date wey edie	22 September 1828
Place wey edie	KwaDukuza
Manner of death	homicide
Place wey dem bury am	Nonya
Ein poppie	Senzangakhona kaJama
Mummie	Nandi
Sibling	Mpande kaSenzangakhona, Dingane kaSenzangakhona, Umhlangana kaSenzangakhona
Spouse	no value
Ein occupation	monarch
Position ehold	king
Present in work	Civilization V
Described at URL	https://www.biografiasyvidas.com/biografia/c/chaka.htm

Shaka kaSenzangakhona (c. 1787–24 September 1828), dem sanso know as Shaka (de) Zulu (Zulu pronunciation: [ˈʃaːɠa]) den Sigidi kaSenzangakhona, na he be de king of de Zulu Kingdom from 1816 to 1828. One of de most influential monarchs of de Zulu, he order wide-reaching reforms dat reorganize de military into a formidable force.

Na dem born King Shaka insyd de lunar month of uNtulikazi (July) insyd 1787, insyd Mthonjaneni, KwaZulu-Natal Province, South Africa. De son of de Zulu King Senzangakhona kaJama, na he be spurned as an illegitimate son. Shaka spend part of ein kiddie time insyd ein mommie ein settlements, wer na he be initiated into an ibutho lempi (fighting unit/regiment), wey dey serve as a warrior under Inkosi Dingiswayo.

Na King Shaka refine de ibutho military system plus de Mthethwa Paramountcy ein support over de next chaw years. He forge alliances plus ein smaller neighbours to counter Ndwandwe raids from de north. Na de initial Zulu maneuvers be primarily defensive, as King Shaka prefer to apply pressure diplomatically, plus an occasional strategic assassination. Na ein reforms of local society build on existing structures. Although na he prefer social den propagandistic political methods, he sanso engage insyd chaw battles.

Na King Shaka ein reign coincide plus de start of de Mfecane/Difaqane ("upheaval" anaa "crushing"), na a period of devastating warfare den chaos insyd southern Africa between 1815 den 1840 wey depopulate de region. Ein role insyd de Mfecane/Difaqane be controversial. Na ein half-bros, King Dingane den Prince Mhlangana den Mbopha kaSithayi assassinate am.

Legacy

• uShaka Marine World, na dem gbele an aquatic theme park on de Durban beach front insyd 2004.
• Na dem gbele de King Shaka International Airport at La Mercy, 35 km (22 mi) north of de Durban city centre on 1 May 2010 in preparation for de 2010 FIFA World Cup after a protracted debate over de naming of de airport.

Insyd popular culture

• Jah Shaka, British Jamaican sound system operator, prolific conscious roots reggae den dub record producer den sound engineer na dem name am in honour of Shaka Zulu.
• A large wooden statue wey dey represent Shaka dey locate at Camden Market insyd London.
• Shaka dey feature insyd Nada the Lily (1892), an historical adventure novel by Sir H. Rider Haggard. Haggard dey refer to am using de alternate spelling of Chaka.

• Shaka Zulu, a 10-part 1986 SABC TV miniseries about Shaka, wich star Henry Cele insyd de title role. Na de series be written by Joshua Sinclair.

• Na dem feature Shaka as a playable leader for de Zulu civilization insyd de first six out of seven games insyd de Civilization series.

• A television series dem entitle King Shaka na e be developed at Showtime, plus Antoine Fuqua directing den executive producing.

• Shaka Ilembe be a 13-episode South African TV show on Mzansi Magic.
• Shaka Zulu (wey DeStorm Power portray) appear insyd an episode of de comedy series Epic Rap Battles of History, pitted against Julius Caesar.

References

Sources

• Bishop, Dennis (n.d.). "The Rise and Fall of Shaka" (PDF). Old Soldiers. 6 (2): 61.
• Bryant, Alfred T. (1929). Olden Times in Zululand and Natal: Containing Earlier Political History of the Eastern-Ngu̇ni Clans. Cape Town: Longmans, Green and Company. ISBN 9780598896391. {{cite book}}: ISBN / Date incompatibility (help)
• Charters (1839). "Notices of the Cape And Southern Africa, Since The Appointment, As Governor, Of Major-Gen. Sir Geo. Napier". The United Service Journal and Naval Military Magazine. Part III. London: Henry Colburn.
• Cobbing, Julian (1988). "The Mfecane as Alibi: Thoughts on Dithakong and Mbolompo". Journal of African History. 29 (3): 487–519. doi:10.1017/S0021853700030590.
• Colenso, Frances; Durnford, Edward (2011), "The Putini Tribe", History of the Zulu War and Its Origin, Cambridge University Press, pp. 63–77, doi:10.1017/cbo9781139058001.006, ISBN 978-1-139-05800-1
• Dube, John Langalibalele (1951). Jeqe, the Bodyservant of King Tshaka: (Insila Ka Tshaka). Lovedale Press.
• Edgerton, Robert B. (1988). Like Lions They Fought: The Zulu War and the Last Black Empire in South Africa. Free Press. ISBN 978-0-02-908910-1.
• Etherington, Norman (2014). "Were There Large States in the Coastal Regions of Southeast Africa Before the Rise of the Zulu Kingdom?". History in Africa. 31: 157–183. doi:10.1017/S0361541300003442. ISSN 0361-5413. S2CID 162610479.
• Fynn, Henry Francis (1986). The Diary of Henry Francis Fynn. Shuter and Shooter. ISBN 978-0-86985-904-9.
• Guttman, Jon (June 2008). "??". Military History. 24 (4): 23.
• Haggard, Henry Rider (1882). Cetywayo and His White Neighbours: Or, Remarks on Recent Events in Zululand, Natal, and the Transvaal. AMS Press.
• Hamilton, Carolyn (1998). Terrific Majesty: The Powers of Shaka Zulu and the Limits of Historical Invention. D. Philip. ISBN 978-0-86486-421-5.
• Hanson, Victor (18 December 2007). Carnage and Culture: Landmark Battles in the Rise to Western Power. Knopf Doubleday Publishing Group. ISBN 978-0-307-42518-8.
• Isaacs, Nathaniel (1836). Travels and adventures in eastern Africa, descriptive of the Zoolus, their manners, customs, etc. etc. : with a sketch of Natal. E. Churton. OCLC 156120553.
• Johanneson, B.; Fernandez, M.; Roberts, B.; Jacobs, M.; Seleti, Y. (2011). Focus History: Learner's book. Grade 10. Cape Town: Maskew Miller Longman. ISBN 978-0-636-11449-4.
• Knight, Ian; McBride, Angus (1989). The Zulus. Bloomsbury USA. ISBN 978-0-85045-864-0.
• Laband, John (1997). The Rise and Fall of the Zulu Nation. Arms & Armour. ISBN 978-1854094216.
• Leśniewski, Michał (2011). "Myth (De)Constructed: Some Reflections Provoked by Dan Wylie's Book Myth of Iron: Shaka in History". Werkwinkel. 6 (2): 55–69. hdl:10593/13652.
• Mahoney, Michael R. (2003). "Racial formation and ethnogenesis from below: The Zulu Case, 1879-1906". International Journal of African Historical Studies. 36 (3): 559–583. doi:10.2307/3559434. JSTOR 3559434 – via Humanities International Complete.
• Mofolo, Thomas (1981). Chaka. Heinemann. ISBN 978-0-435-90229-2.
• Morris, Donald R. (1994) [1965]. The Washing of the Spears: A History of the Rise of the Zulu Nation Under Shaka and Its Fall in the Zulu War of 1879 (New ed.). London: Pimlico. ISBN 978-0-7126-6105-8. OCLC 59939927. OL 7794339M.
• Omer-Cooper, John D. (1966). The Zulu aftermath: a nineteenth-century revolution in Bantu Africa. Northwestern University Press. ISBN 9780810105881. OCLC 2361338.
• Raugh, Harold E. (2011). Anglo-Zulu War, 1879 : a selected bibliography. Scarecrow. ISBN 978-0-8108-7467-1. OCLC 1004124072.
• Ritter, E. A. (1955). Shaka Zulu: The Rise of the Zulu Empire. London: Longmans Green. OCLC 666024. OL 6173522M.
• Rubinstein, W. D. (2004). Genocide: A History. Pearson Longman. ISBN 978-0-582-50601-5.
• Rubinstein, William D. (2014). Genocide. Taylor & Francis. ISBN 978-1-317-86995-5.
• Samkange, Stanlake (1973). Origins of Rhodesia. Heinemann. ISBN 978-0-435-32791-0.
• Stapleton, Timothy Joseph (2010). A military history of South Africa : from the Dutch-Khoi wars to the end of apartheid. Praeger. ISBN 978-0-313-36589-8. OCLC 490811014.
• Vandervort, Bruce (2015). Wars of Imperial Conquest. Routledge. ISBN 978-1-134-22374-9.
• Walter, Eugene Victor (1969). Terror and resistance: a study of political violence, with case studies of some primitive African communities. Oxford University Press.
• Wylie, Dan (1995). "'Proprietor of Natal:' Henry Francis Fynn and the Mythography of Shaka". History in Africa. 22: 409–437. doi:10.2307/3171924. ISSN 0361-5413. JSTOR 3171924. S2CID 153865008.
• Wylie, Dan (2006). Myth of Iron: Shaka in History (Illustrated ed.). University of KwaZulu-Natal Press. ISBN 9781869140472. OCLC 65188289. OL 8648993M.

Read further

• Bourquin, S. (January 1979). "The Zulu Military Organization and the Challenge of 1879". Military History Journal. 4 (4). South African Military History Society. Retrieved 2018-08-14.
• Carroll, Rory (22 May 2006). "Shaka Zulu's brutality was exaggerated, says new book". The Guardian. Retrieved 2016-07-01.
• Chanaiwa, David Shingirai (1980). "The Zulu Revolution: State Formation in a Pastoralist Society". African Studies Review. 23 (3): 1–20. doi:10.2307/523668. ISSN 0002-0206. JSTOR 523668. S2CID 145190863.
• Deflem, Mathieu (1999). "Warfare, Political Leadership, and State Formation: The Case of the Zulu Kingdom, 1808-1879". Ethnology. 38 (4): 371–391. doi:10.2307/3773913. JSTOR 3773913. PMID 20503540.
• Knight, Ian (1995). Anatomy of the Zulu Army. Greenhill Books. ISBN 9781853672132.
• Mostert, Noel (1992). Frontiers. Knopf. ISBN 9780679401360.

External links

• Shaka: Zulu chieftain at the Wayback Machine (archived 30 September 2007)
• The History of Shaka
• Statue proposal at the Wayback Machine (archived 10 August 2007)
• "Shaka Zulu", Carpe Noctem at the Wayback Machine (archived 14 December 2007)