Shia Islam
| Subclass of | Islam  |
|---|---|
| Part of | Islam |
| Native label | الشِّيعَة |
| Significant person | Alī ibn Abī Ṭālib |
| Dem name after | Alī ibn Abī Ṭālib |
| History of topic | history of Shi'a Islam |
| Stack Exchange tag | https://islam.stackexchange.com/tags/shiism |
Shia Islam be de second-largest branch of Islam. E dey hold say Muhammad designate Ali ibn Abi Talib (r. 656–661) as both ein political successor (caliph) den as de spiritual leader of de Muslim community (imam). However, dem understand ein right be usurped by a number of Muhammad ein companions at de meeting of Saqifa, during wich dem appoint Abu Bakr (r. 632–634) as caliph instead. As such, Sunni Muslims dey believe Abu Bakr, Umar (r. 634–644), Uthman (r. 644–656) den Ali to be 'rightly-guided caliphs', whereas Shia Muslims dey regard Ali per as de legitimate successor.
Shia Muslims dey believe say de imamate continue thru Ali ein sons, Hasan den Husayn, after wich various Shia branches develop den recognize different imams. Dem revere de ahl al-bayt, de family of Muhammad, wey dey maintain say dem possess divine knowledge. Shia holy sites dey include de shrine of Ali insyd Najaf, de shrine of Husayn insyd Karbala, den oda mausoleums of de ahl al-bayt. Later events, such as Husayn ein martyrdom insyd de Battle of Karbala (680 CE), further influence de development of Shia Islam, wey dey contribute to de formation of a distinct religious sect plus ein own rituals den shared collective memory.[1]
Shia Islam be followed by 10–13% of all Muslims, wey dey number at an estimated 200–260 million followers worldwide as of 2025. De three main Shia branches be Twelverism, Isma'ilism, den Zaydism. Shia Muslims dey form a majority of de population insyd Iran, Iraq, den Azerbaijan, as well as about half of de citizen population of Bahrain.[2] Dem sanso dey find significant Shia communities insyd Lebanon, Kuwait, Turkey, Yemen, Saudi Arabia, Afghanistan den de Indian subcontinent. Iran dey stand as de world ein only country wer Shia Islam dey form de foundation of both ein laws den governance system.[3]
References
[edit | edit source]- ↑ Armajani, Jon (2020). Shia Islam and Politics: Iran, Iraq, and Lebanon. Lanham, MD: Lexington. p. 11. ISBN 978-1-7936-2136-8.
- ↑ "وثيقة بحرينية: الشيعة أقل من النصف". Al Jazeera. 4 July 2011. Archived from the original on 20 March 2023.
كشفت وثيقة بحرينية رسمية حديثة أن نسبة المواطنين السنة من إجمالي مواطني البلاد تعادل 51%، في حين توقفت نسبة الطائفة الشيعية عند 49%
[A recent official Bahraini document revealed that the percentage of Sunni citizens out of the country’s total citizens is 51%, while the percentage of the Shiite community stopped at 49%..] - ↑ Armajani 2020, pp. 1–3.
External links
[edit | edit source]
- "Shi'a History and Identity". shiism.wcfia.harvard.edu. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Project on Shi'ism and Global Affairs at the Weatherhead Center for International Affairs (Harvard University). 2022. Archived from the original on 4 June 2022. Retrieved 4 March 2022.
- Daftary, Farhad; Nanji, Azim (2018) [2006]. "What is Shi'a Islam?". www.iis.ac.uk. London: Institute of Ismaili Studies at the Aga Khan Centre. Archived from the original on 31 March 2022. Retrieved 4 March 2022.
- Muharrami, Ghulam-Husayn (2003). "History of Shi'ism: From the Advent of Islam up to the End of Minor Occultation". Al-Islam.org. Translated by Limba, Mansoor L. Ahlul Bayt Digital Islamic Library Project. Retrieved 4 March 2022.
- Ayatullāh Jaʿfar Subḥānī. "Shia Islam: History and Doctrines". United Kingdom: Shafaqna (International Shia News Agency). Retrieved 18 April 2023.
