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Spain
sovereign state, realm, country, Mediterranean country, nation state
Part ofEuropean Economic Area Edit
Year dem found am1715, 19 March 1812, 9 December 1931, 29 December 1978, 14 March 1516 Edit
Name in native languageReino de España, Espainiako Erresuma, Regne d'Espanya, Reino de España Edit
Official nameReino de España, Espainiako Erresuma, Regne d'Espanya, Reino de España Edit
Native labelReino de España Edit
IPA transcriptionɪˈspanʲɪjə, esˈpaɲa, ˈspeɪn, ˈspɑːnɪɑ Edit
Ethnic groupSpaniards, Romani people Edit
Dem name afterHispania Edit
Official languageSpanish Edit
AnthemMarcha Real Edit
Cultureculture of Spain Edit
MottoPlus ultra Edit
Motto textPlus Ultra Edit
ContinentEurope Edit
CountrySpain Edit
CapitalMadrid Edit
Located in time zoneUTC+01:00, UTC+02:00, UTC±00:00, UTC+01:00, Europe/Madrid Edit
Located in or next to body of waterAtlantic Ocean, Mediterranean Sea, Cantabrian Sea, Alboran Sea Edit
Located in/on physical featureIberian Peninsula, Africa, Southern Europe Edit
Coordinate location40°12′0″N 3°30′0″W Edit
Coordinates of easternmost point39°52′36″N 4°19′37″E, 42°19′10″N 3°19′20″E Edit
Coordinates of northernmost point43°47′28″N 7°41′21″W, 43°47′32″N 7°41′26″W Edit
Coordinates of southernmost point27°38′31″N 17°58′51″W, 36°0′1″N 5°36′37″W Edit
Coordinates of westernmost point27°42′15″N 18°8′0″W, 42°55′23″N 9°17′52″W Edit
Highest pointTeide Edit
Lowest pointMina de Las Cruces Edit
Government ein basic formparliamentary monarchy Edit
Office held by head of statemonarch of Spain Edit
State ein headFelipe VI of Spain Edit
Office head of government holdPrime Minister of Spain Edit
Government ein headPedro Sánchez Edit
Has cabinetCouncil of Ministers of Spain Edit
Executive bodyGovernment of Spain Edit
Legislative bodyCortes Generales Edit
Highest judicial authoritySupreme Court of Spain, Constitutional Court of Spain Edit
Currencyeuro Edit
Dey share bother plusAndorra, Portugal, Morocco, France, Gibraltar Edit
Coextensive withSpain Edit
Driving sideright Edit
Electrical plug typeEuroplug, Schuko Edit
Dey replaceHispanic Monarchy, Crown of Aragon, Spanish Empire, Kingdom of Aragon, First Spanish Republic Edit
Studied bySpanish studies, hispanism Edit
Dema official websitehttps://administracion.gob.es/ Edit
HashtagSpain, spain Edit
Top-level Internet domain.es Edit
Flagflag of Spain Edit
Coat of armscoat of arms of Kingdom of Spain Edit
Geography of topicGeography of Spain Edit
Get characteristicfree country Edit
History of topichistory of Spain Edit
Official religionnon-denominational Edit
‎most populous urban areaMadrid city Edit
Open data portalSpain open data portal Edit
Economy of topiceconomy of Spain Edit
Demographics of topicdemographics of Spain Edit
Gregorian calendar start date15 October 1582 Edit
Mobile country code214 Edit
Country calling code+34 Edit
Emergency phone number112, 061, 091 Edit
GS1 country code840-849 Edit
Licence plate codeE Edit
Maritime identification digits224, 225 Edit
NCI Thesaurus IDC17152 Edit
Unicode character🇪🇸 Edit
Category for maps or plansCategory:Maps of Spain Edit
Map

Spain, officially de Kingdom of Spain, be a country insyd Southern den Western Europe plus territories insyd North Africa.Dey feature de southernmost point of continental Europe, e be de largest country insyd Southern Europe den de fourth-most populous European Union (EU) member state. Dey span de majority of de Iberian Peninsula, ein territory sanso dey include de Canary Islands, insyd de Eastern Atlantic Ocean; de Balearic Islands, insyd de Western Mediterranean Sea; den de autonomous cities of Ceuta den Melilla, insyd mainland Africa. Peninsular Spain be bordered to de north by France, Andorra, den de Bay of Biscay; to de east den south by de Mediterranean Sea den Gibraltar den Morocco, thru ein exclaves insyd North Africa; den to de west by Portugal den de Atlantic Ocean. Spain ein capital den largest city be Madrid; oda major urban areas dey include Barcelona, Valencia, Seville, Zaragoza, Málaga, Murcia, den Palma de Mallorca.

Insyd early antiquity, na de Iberian Peninsula be inhabited by Iberians, Celts, den oda pre-Roman peoples. De Roman conquest of de Iberian peninsula create de province of Hispania, wich cam be deeply Romanised den later Christianised. After de fall of de Western Roman Empire, de peninsula be conquered by tribes from Central Europe, among dem de Visigoths, wey establish de Visigothic Kingdom dem centre on Toledo. Insyd de early 8th century, chaw of de peninsula be conquered by de Umayyad Caliphate, wey Al-Andalus centre on Córdoba. De northern Christian kingdoms of Iberia launch de so-called Reconquista, gradually dey repel den ultimately dey expel Islamic rule from de peninsula, wey dey culminate plus de fall of de Nasrid Kingdom of Granada. De dynastic union of de Crown of Castile den de Crown of Aragon insyd 1479 under de Catholic Monarchs often be seen as de de facto unification of Spain as a nation state.

During de Age of Discovery, Spain lead de exploration den conquest of de New World, dem plete de first circumnavigation of de globe, wey drm establish one of de largest empires insyd history, wich foster a global trade system driven by precious metals. Insyd de 18th century, de Nueva Planta decrees centralise Spain under de Bourbons, wey dey strengthen royal authority. De 19th century witness de victorious Peninsular War (1808–1814) against Napoleonic forces den de loss of chaw American colonies amid liberal–absolutist conflicts. Dese struggles culminate insyd de Spanish Civil War (1936–1939) den de Francoist dictatorship (1939–1975). Plus de restoration of democracy den entry into de EU, Spain experience a major economic boom den social transformation.

Spain be a secular parliamentary democracy den a constitutional monarchy, wey King Felipe VI be head of state. A developed country, Spain get a high nominal per capita income globally, den ein advanced economy ranks among de largest insyd de world wey e be de fourth-largest insyd de EU. Spanish be de world ein second-most spoken native language.

Etymology

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De name of Spain (España) dey cam from Hispania, de name wey de Ancient Romans use for de Iberian Peninsula during de Roman Republic den de Roman Empire. De etymology of de term Hispania remain uncertain.[1]

De Phoenicians refer to de region as España, possibly dey mean 'land of rabbits anaa hyraxes',[2] 'land of metals',[3] anaa 'northern island'.[4] Roman coins struck insyd de region from de reign of Hadrian show a female figure plus a rabbit at ein feet,[5] wey Strabo call am de 'land of de rabbits'.

Demographics

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Urbanisation

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Largest cities anaa towns insyd Spain

National Statistics Institute (2025)

Rank Name Autonomous community Pop. Rank Name Autonomous community Pop.
1 Madrid Community of Madrid 3,477,497 11 Bilbao Basque Country 350,975
2 Barcelona Catalonia 1,713,247 12 Córdoba Andalusia 324,159
3 Valencia Valencian Community 841,558 13 Valladolid Castile and León 301,798
4 Zaragoza Aragon 699,007 14 Vigo Galicia 295,735
5 Seville Andalusia 688,714 15 L'Hospitalet Catalonia 292,161
6 Málaga Andalusia 597,173 16 Gijón Principality of Asturias 271,259
7 Murcia Region of Murcia 477,631 17 Vitoria-Gasteiz Basque Country 260,402
8 Palma Balearic Islands 443,196 18 A Coruña Galicia 251,277
9 Las Palmas Canary Islands 384,023 19 Elche Valencian Community 245,575
10 Alicante Valencian Community 365,586 20 Granada Andalusia 235,294

References

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  1. ↑ ABC (28 August 2014). ""I-span-ya", el misterioso origen de la palabra España" (in Spanish). Archived from the original on 13 November 2016.
  2. ↑ Castro, María Cruz Fernández (2007). "La etimología de España; ¿tierra de conejos?". In Linch, John (ed.). La Península Ibérica en época prerromana. Historia de España (in Spanish). Vol. 2. Madrid: El Pais. p. 40. ISBN 978-84-9815-764-2.
  3. ↑ Arechaga, Juan (2009). "Science in Hispania: Spain and Portugal on the main route again". The International Journal of Developmental Biology. 53 (8–10): 1119–1122. doi:10.1387/ijdb.093019ja. PMID 19924620.
  4. ↑ Dietler, Michael; López-Ruiz, Carolina (2009). Colonial Encounters in Ancient Iberia. University of Chicago Press. p. 274, n. 53. ISBN 978-0-226-14847-2.
  5. ↑ Burke, Ulick Ralph (1895). A History of Spain from the Earliest Times to the Death of Ferdinand the Catholic, Volume 1. London: Longmans, Green & Co. p. 12. hdl:2027/hvd.fl29jg.
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