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Steam Bath of the Brothers Krsmanović

From Wikipedia
Steam Bath of the Brothers Krsmanović
hammam, steambath
CountrySerbia Edit
Edey de administrative territorial entity insydStari Grad City Municipality Edit
Coordinate location44°49′20″N 20°27′46″E Edit
Heritage designationMonument of Culture Edit
Postal code11000 Edit
Map

De Steam Bath of Brothers Krsmanović be de former public bath insyd Belgrade, de capital of Serbia. Dem build from 1901 to de 1920s around de former Turkish bath from de 18th century, na e be de last operational public bath insyd Belgrade, til na dem close am insyd 2004. Insyd 2001 na dem declare de edifice a cultural monument.[1] Na de first public swimming pool insyd Belgrade dem gbele insyd de venue insyd 1904.[2]

Location

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De bath dey locate at 45 Cara Dušana street.[1][3] E dey situate insyd de Stari Grad municipality ein neighborhood of Dorćol.[4]

History

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Origin

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Na de predecessor of de modern bath be a former hamam, anaa de Turkish bath. Dem call "Small Hamam", na dem record am insyd de Turkish plan from 1863,[5] buh na e probably originate from de 18th century.[1][3][6]

20th century

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Na de present complex of de Steam Bath of Brothers Krsmanović begin to develop insyd 1901 around de former hamam wey na dem fini am by de 1920s. Na dem later rename de venue de "Public hot bath Dunav".[3] Insyd 1904, na dem gbele de first public swimming pool insyd de city insyd de bath. Dem build on de spring of warm water, na dem advertise am at de time as de "modern hamam". Na de pool be 25 by 12 m (82 by 39 ft) wey na e get a diving platform den oda attraction of de day.[2]

Na original owner of de bath be artisan Petar J. Petrović (1854-1921), wey work as de "king's and court's artistic fitter". Na ein poppie be Josef Schauengel, wey migrate to Serbia, he cam be military medic plus de rank of major wey na he change ein name to Jovan Petrović. Na de Petrović family later sell de venue to de bros Krsmanović. After World War II, na de object cam be colloquially known as de "People's bath".[6]

21st century

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Insyd 2004 na dem close de facility secof de safety concerns as de standards for de safe public use, both for de building den de installations, na dem no reach. Also, na de profitability be low, wich na one be of de reasons say na dem close all oda de bathhouses insyd Belgrade. Na users of de bath be of low economic stature in general: people wey na dem no get bathrooms insyd dema houses, poor den homeless people, students, pensioners, seasonal workers, sellers on de green markets wey sleep insyd trucks anaa market stalls, etc.[3]

Na dem declare de house a cultural monument insyd 2001.[7] After closing, na de venue be occasionally loaned by de city government, for de music videos productions, private parties, exhibitions den as de movie sets, buh na by 2017 de facility deteriorate a lot.[3]

Insyd 2008, na city government decide to do something plus de facility den de architectural design competition for de best solution na dem set. Na dem choose three projects, buh na dem do nothing. Insyd 2012, na de Red Cross of de Palilula municipality start an initiative to reopen de bath, as na dem estimate say der be 3,000-5,000 homeless people insyd Belgrade wey no fi get a bath anywer else. Na de Ministry of Culture later announce an idea of turning de bath into de international cultural center so de staff members from de embassies of Austria, France, Turkey den Iran visit de venue. Na de idea be revived by Gunnar B. Kvaran, director of de Oslo ein Astrup Fearnley Museum of Modern Art, wey visit de bath insyd July 2017.[3] Insyd October 2017, during de visit of de high state delegation from Ankara, Serbian den Turkish governments sign a memorandum on restoration of de object, buh na dem no disclose de details.[8]

Na two governments sign anoda protocol insyd December 2018. According to dis, part of de bath go retain ein original purpose. Anoda part go be transformed into de classrooms, halls, library, gallery den administrative offices. Part of de building go be used by de Turkish Yunus Emre Institute, buh again, dem no give dates.[9]

Architecture

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De architect of de complex be unknown.[6] Na dem design de house insyd de style of Academism. E be projected as de ground-floor building plus an emphasized side avant-corps, wich dey end plus a balustrade insyd de zone of de roof. Insyd de central part of de symmetrical façade dey lie a portal wey dey end plus a semicircular shape, wey be surmounted by a triangular pediment. Shallow pilasters plus decoratively processed capitals separate windows wey be topped by triangular tympanums.[1] De glass on de double door at de entrance be decorated plus garlands. In general, de ornamentation of de object be quite simple den modest.[6]

On de insyd, a circular hamam pool den a smaller polygonal pool plus cold water dey locate insyd de center. De bases of de facility plus de circular pool, as well as de canals below de pool, be de remains of de former Turkish "Little Hamam".[1][3] De chimney be large wey be made of cricks, insyd de factory-style chimneys.[6]

References

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  1. 1 2 3 4 5 "Parno kupatilo braće Krsmanović" (in Serbian and English). Cultural properties in Belgrade.
  2. 1 2 Goran Vesić (5 July 2019). Историја градског јавног купања дуга 115 година [115 years long history of public swimming]. Politika (in Serbian). p. 14.
  3. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Daliborka Mučibabić (18 July 2017), "Umesto javnog kupatila - kulturni centar", Politika (in Serbian), p. 17
  4. ↑ Beograd - plan grada. M@gic M@p. 2006. ISBN 86-83501-53-1.
  5. ↑ "Dossier of the Cultural Monument Steam Bath of Brothers Krsmanović". "Srpske novine". 1868.
  6. 1 2 3 4 5 Nenad Novak Stefanović (22 November 2019). Купатило на Дорћолу [Bath in Dorćol]. Politika-Moja kuća (in Serbian). p. 1.
  7. ↑ Službeni glasnik Republike Srbije, No. 32/01. Službeni glasnik. 2001.
  8. ↑ Milan Janković (16 October 2017), "Od jedan do pet - Parno kupatilo" [One to five - Steam bath], Politika (in Serbian), p. 14
  9. ↑ Branka Vasiljević (7 February 2019), "U javnom kupatilu i biblioteka i galerija" [Library and gallery in the public bath], Politika (in Serbian), p. 17
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