Subdural hematoma
| Subclass of | traumatic intracranial hemorrhage  |
|---|---|
| Short name | SDH, SDV |
| Health specialty | neurosurgery |
A subdural hematoma (SDH) be a type of bleeding insyd wich a collection of blood—usually buh no always be associated plus a traumatic brain injury—gathers between de inner layer of de dura mater den de arachnoid mater of de meninges wey dey surround de brain. E usually dey result from rips in bridging veins wey cross de subdural space.
Subdural hematomas fi cause an increase insyd de pressure insyd de skull, wich in turn fi cause compression of den damage to delicate brain tissue. Acute subdural hematomas be often life-threatening. Chronic subdural hematomas get a better prognosis if properly managed.
In contrast, epidural hematomas usually be caused by rips insyd arteries, wey dey result in a build-up of blood between de dura mater den de skull. De third type of brain hemorrhage, dem know as a subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH), wey cause bleeding into de subarachnoid space between de arachnoid mater den de pia mater. SAHs often be seen insyd trauma settings anaa after rupture of intracranial aneurysms.
Signs den symptoms
[edit | edit source]De symptoms of a subdural hematoma get a slower onset dan those of epidural hematomas secof de lower-pressure veins involve bleed more slowly dan arteries. Signs and symptoms of acute hematomas fi appear insyd minutes, if no be immediately,[1] buh sanso fi be delayed as much as two weeks.[2] Symptoms of chronic subdural hematomas usually be delayed more dan three weeks after injury.[3]
If de bleeds be large enough to put pressure on de brain, signs of increased intracranial pressure anaa brain damage go be present.[4] Oda symptoms of subdural hematoma fi include any combination of de following:[5]
- Loss of consciousness anaa fluctuating levels of consciousness
- Irritability
- Seizures
- Pain
- Numbness
- Headache (either constant anaa fluctuating)
- Dizziness
- Disorientation
- Amnesia
- Weakness anaa lethargy
- Nausea anaa vomiting
- Loss of appetite
- Personality changes
- Inability to speak anaa slurred speech
- Ataxia, anaa difficulty walking
- Loss of muscle control
- Altered breathing patterns
- Hearing loss anaa ringing insyd de ears (tinnitus)
- Blurred vision
- Deviated gaze, anaa abnormal movement of de eyes.
Gallery
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Spinal-subdural-haematoma-inverted-mercedes-benz-sign
Ct-scan of the brain with an subdural hematoma
References
[edit | edit source]- ↑ "Subdural hematoma: MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia". Nlm.nih.gov. 2012-06-28. Retrieved 2012-07-27.
- ↑ Mezue WC, Ndubuisi CA, Chikani MC, Achebe DS, Ohaegbulam SC (July 2012). "Traumatic extradural hematoma in enugu, Nigeria". Nigerian Journal of Surgery. 18 (2): 80–84. doi:10.4103/1117-6806.103111. PMC 3762009. PMID 24027399.
- ↑ Ko BS, Lee JK, Seo BR, Moon SJ, Kim JH, Kim SH (January 2008). "Clinical analysis of risk factors related to recurrent chronic subdural hematoma". Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society. 43 (1): 11–15. doi:10.3340/jkns.2008.43.1.11. PMC 2588154. PMID 19096538.
- ↑ Imaging in Subdural Hematoma at eMedicine
- ↑ "Subdural Hematoma: Types, Symptoms Treatments, Prevention". Cleveland Clinic. Retrieved 2022-03-10.
External links
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