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Substance abuse

From Wikipedia
substance abuse
class of disease, health problem
Subclass ofsocial issue, psychoactive drug use, crime, human activity Edit
Has causesubstance use disorder Edit
Health specialtypsychiatry, narcology Edit
Relates to sustainable development goal, target or indicatorTarget 3.5 of the Sustainable Development Goals Edit
Handled, mitigated, or managed bysubstance abuse prevention Edit
ICD-9-CM305.90 Edit
NCI Thesaurus IDC16522 Edit

Substance misuse, dem sanso know as drug misuse anaa, insyd older vernacular, substance abuse, be de use of a drug insyd amounts anaa by methods wey be harmful to de individual anaa odas. E be a form of substance-related disorder, wey dem use differing definitions of drug misuse insyd public health, medical, den criminal justice contexts. Insyd sam cases, criminal anaa anti-social behavior dey occur wen sam persons be under de influence of a drug, wey fi result in long-term personality changes insyd individuals.[1] In addition to possible physical, social, den psychological harm, de use of sam drugs sanso fi lead to criminal penalties, although dese dey vary widely dey depend on de local jurisdiction.[2]

Drugs dem most often associate plus dis term dey include alcohol, amphetamines, barbiturates, benzodiazepines, cannabis, cocaine, hallucinogens, methaqualone, den opioids. De exact cause of substance abuse sam times be clear, buh der be two predominant theories: either a genetic predisposition anaa most times a habit dem learn anaa dem pass down from odas, wich, if addiction develop, dey manifest einself as a possible chronic debilitating disease.[3] E no be easy to determine why a person dey misuse drugs, as der be multiple environmental factors to consider. Dese factors dey include no be inherited biological influences (genes) per, buh der sanso be mental health stressors such as overall quality of life, physical anaa mental abuse, luck den circumstance insyd life den early exposure to drugs wey all dey play a huge factor in how people go respond to drug use.[4]

Insyd 2010, na about 5% of adults (230 million) use an illicit substance.[5] Of dese, na 27 million get high-risk drug use—odawise dem know as recurrent drug use—wey dey cause harm to dema health, wey dey cause psychological problems, den anaa e dey cause social problems wey put dem at risk of those dangers.[5][6] Insyd 2015, na substance use disorders result in 307,400 deaths, up from 165,000 deaths insyd 1990.[7][8] Of dese, de highest numbers be from alcohol use disorders at 137,500, opioid use disorders at 122,100 deaths, amphetamine use disorders at 12,200 deaths, den cocaine use disorders at 11,100.[7]

References

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  1. ↑ Ksir, Charles; Ray, Oakley (2002). Drugs, society, and human behavior (9th ed.). Boston [u.a.]: McGraw-Hill. ISBN 978-0-07-231963-7.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: date and year (link)
  2. ↑ Mosby's Medical, Nursing, & Allied Health Dictionary (6th ed.). St. Louis: Mosby. 2002. pp. 552, 2109. ISBN 978-0-323-01430-4. OCLC 48535206..
  3. ↑ "Addiction is a Chronic Disease". Archived from the original on 24 June 2014. Retrieved 2 July 2014.
  4. ↑ Abuse, National Institute on Drug (2018-06-06). "Understanding Drug Use and Addiction DrugFacts | National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA)". nida.nih.gov (in English). Archived from the original on January 27, 2022. Retrieved 2025-03-06.
  5. 1 2 United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (June 2012). World Drug Report 2012 (PDF). United Nations. ISBN 978-92-1-148267-6. Archived from the original (PDF) on 7 September 2022. Retrieved 27 September 2016.
  6. ↑ "World Drug Report 2014" (PDF). Drugnet Europe. No. 87. European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction. July 2014. p. 4. ISSN 0873-5379. Catalogue Number TD-AA-14-003-EN-C. Archived from the original on 4 October 2018.
  7. 1 2 GBD (8 October 2016). "Global, regional, and national life expectancy, all-cause mortality, and cause-specific mortality for 249 causes of death, 1980–2015: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015". The Lancet. 388 (10053): 1459–1544. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(16)31012-1. PMC 5388903. PMID 27733281.
  8. ↑ GBD (17 December 2014). "Global, regional, and national age-sex specific all-cause and cause-specific mortality for 240 causes of death, 1990–2013: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2013". The Lancet. 385 (9963): 117–71. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(14)61682-2. PMC 4340604. PMID 25530442.
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