Trigeminal neuralgia
| Subclass of | trigeminal nerve disease, facial neuralgia  |
|---|---|
| Health specialty | neurology |
| Anatomical location | trigeminal nerve |
| ICD-9-CM | 350.1 |
| ICPC 2 ID | N92 |
Trigeminal neuralgia (TN anaa TGN), dem sanso call Fothergill disease, tic douloureux, anaa trifacial neuralgia, be a long-term pain disorder wey dey affect de trigeminal nerve,[1][2] de nerve responsible for sensation insyd de face den motor functions such as biting den chewing. E be a form of neuropathic pain.[3] Der be two main types: typical den atypical trigeminal neuralgia.[2]
De typical form dey result in episodes of severe, sudden, shock-like pain insyd one side of de face wey dey last for seconds to a few minutes. Groups of dese episodes fi occur over a few hours. De atypical form dey result in a constant burning pain wey be less severe. Episodes fi be triggered by any touch to de face.[2] Both forms fi occur insyd de same person. Pain from de disease be linked to mental-health issues, especially depression.[4]
De exact cause be unknown, buh dem believe to involve loss of de myelin of de trigeminal nerve.[5] Dis fi occur secof nerve compression from a blood vessel as de nerve exit de brain stem, multiple sclerosis, stroke, anaa trauma. Less common causes dey include a tumor anaa arteriovenous malformation. E be a type of nerve pain. Diagnosis typically be based on de symptoms, after ruling out oda possible causes such as postherpetic neuralgia.[2][3]
Treatment dey include medication anaa surgery. De anticonvulsant carbamazepine anaa oxcarbazepine usually be de initial treatment, wey e be effective insydd about 90% of people.[3] Side effects be frequently experienced wey dey necessitate drug withdrawal insyd as many as 23% of patients.[3] Oda options dey include lamotrigine, baclofen, gabapentin, amitriptyline, den pimozide.[6] Opioids usually no be effective insyd de typical form. Insyd those wey no dey improve anaa cam be resistant to oda measures, a number of types of surgery fi be tried.[2][6]
Trigeminal neuralgia dey affect an estimated 0.03% to 0.30% of people around de world, plus a 3:1 ratio between women den men.[7] E usually dey begin insyd people over 50 years old, buh fi occur at any age.[2] Na de condition first be described in detail insyd 1773 by John Fothergill.[8]
References
[edit | edit source]- ↑ "Trigeminal Neuralgia". National Organization for Rare Disorders, Inc. 26 February 2014.
- 1 2 3 4 5 6 "Trigeminal Neuralgia Fact Sheet". NINDS. National Institutes of Health. 17 March 2020. Archived from the original on January 5, 2017. Retrieved 5 April 2021.
- 1 2 3 4 Cruccu G, Di Stefano G, Truini A (August 2020). Ropper AH (ed.). "Trigeminal Neuralgia". The New England Journal of Medicine. 383 (8): 754–762. doi:10.1056/NEJMra1914484. PMID 32813951. S2CID 221201036.
- ↑ Okeson JP (2005). "6". In Lindsay Harmon (ed.). Bell's orofacial pains: the clinical management of orofacial pain. Quintessence Publishing Co, Inc. p. 114. ISBN 0-86715-439-X. Archived from the original on 2014-01-12.
- ↑ Obermann M (March 2010). "Treatment options in trigeminal neuralgia". Therapeutic Advances in Neurological Disorders. 3 (2): 107–115. doi:10.1177/1756285609359317. PMC 3002644. PMID 21179603.
- 1 2 Obermann M (March 2010). "Treatment options in trigeminal neuralgia". Therapeutic Advances in Neurological Disorders. 3 (2): 107–115. doi:10.1177/1756285609359317. PMC 3002644. PMID 21179603.
- ↑ Araya EI, Claudino RF, Piovesan EJ, Chichorro JG (2020-01-23). "Trigeminal Neuralgia: Basic and Clinical Aspects". Current Neuropharmacology. 18 (2): 109–119. doi:10.2174/1570159X17666191010094350. PMC 7324879. PMID 31608834.
- ↑ Prasad S, Galetta S (March 2009). "Trigeminal neuralgia: historical notes and current concepts". The Neurologist. 15 (2): 87–94. doi:10.1097/nrl.0b013e3181775ac3. PMID 19276786. S2CID 23500191.
External links
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