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UNESCO
specialized agency of the United Nations, intergovernmental organization
Year dem found am16 November 1945 Edit
Native labelUnited Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization, Organisation des Nations unies pour l'éducation, la science et la culture Edit
Short nameUNESCO, ONUÉSC, UNESKO Edit
Dey archive forUniversity of Maryland Libraries Edit
Position held by head of the organizationDirector-General of UNESCO Edit
ChairpersonAudrey Azoulay Edit
CountryFrance Edit
Coordinate location48°51′0″N 2°18′22″E Edit
Member ofGlobal Citizen Science Partnership, Global Academic Integrity Network Edit
Parent organizationUnited Nations Edit
Get subsidiaryUNESCO Chair on Cyberspace and Culture, Scientific Committee on Problems of the Environment, UNESCO Institute for Statistics, Iranian National Commission for UNESCO, Hylean Amazon Institute Edit
Owner ofThe Symbolic Globe, World Heritage Centre Edit
Partnership withUnited Cities and Local Governments, Wapikoni Mobile, International Civil Aviation Organization Edit
Demma headquarters locationParis Edit
Dey replaceInternational Committee on Intellectual Cooperation Edit
Award e receivePeabody Awards Edit
Street address7, place de Fontenoy 75007 Paris Edit
Terms of service URLhttps://digital.archives.unesco.org/en Edit
Operating areaworldwide Edit
GrantsUNESCO/Institut Pasteur Medal Edit
Has works in the collectionNational Museum of World Cultures, Stedelijk Museum Amsterdam, Amsab - Instituut voor Sociale Geschiedenis Gent Edit
Official observer status in organisationWorld Intellectual Property Organization, Global Partnership on Artificial Intelligence, International Organization for Migration, United Nations General Assembly Edit
Charter URLhttps://unesdoc.unesco.org/ark:/48223/pf0000179478 Edit
Subject named asUNESCO Edit
Map

De United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO /juːˈnɛskoʊ/)[1] be a specialized agency of de United Nations (UN) plus de aim of make e dey promote world peace den security thru international cooperation insyd education, arts, sciences den culture.[2][3] E get 194 member states den 12 associate members,[4] as well as partners insyd de non-governmental, intergovernmental den private sector.[5] E be headquartered insyd Paris, France, UNESCO get 53 regional field offices[6] den 199 national commissions.[7][8]

Na dem found UNESCO insyd 1945 as de successor to de League of Nations' International Committee on Intellectual Cooperation.[9] Na UNESCO ein founding mission, wich na dem shape by de events of World War II, be to advance peace, sustainable development den human rights by make dem dey facilitate collaboration den dialogue among nations.[10] E dey pursue dis objective thru five major programme areas: education, natural sciences, social/human sciences, culture den communication/information. UNESCO dey sponsor projects wey dey improve literacy, dey provide technical training den education, advance science, protect independent media den press freedom, preserve regional den cultural history, den dey promote cultural diversity.[11][12][13] De organization dey prominently help establish den secure World Heritage Sites of cultural den natural importance.[14]

UNESCO be governed by de General Conference wey be composed of member states den associate members, wich dey meet biannually make dem set de agency ein programs den budget. E sanso dey elect members of de executive board, wich dey manage UNESCO ein work, den dey appoint every four years a Director-General, wey dey serve as UNESCO ein chief administrator.

History

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Origins

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UNESCO den ein mandate for international cooperation fi be traced back to a League of Nations resolution on 21 September 1921, make dem elect a commission study de feasibility of having nations freely share cultural, educational den scientific achievements. Dis new body, de International Committee on Intellectual Cooperation (ICIC), na dem create am insyd 1922[9] wey e count such figures as Henri Bergson, Albert Einstein, Marie Curie, Robert A. Millikan, den Gonzague de Reynold among ein members (thus ebe a small commission of de League of Nations essentially centre for Western Europe[15]). Na dem create de International Institute for Intellectual Cooperation (IIIC) insyd Paris insyd September 1924, make e act as de executing agency give de ICIC. However, na de onset of World War II largely interrupt de work of dese predecessor organizations.[16] As for private initiatives, na de International Bureau of Education (IBE) begin dey work as a non-governmental organization insyd de service of international educational development since December 1925 wey e join UNESCO insyd 1969, after dem establish a joint commission insyd 1952.[17]

Official UNESCO NGOs

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UNESCO get official relations plus 322 international non-governmental organizations (NGOs).[18] Chaw of dese be wat UNESCO dey call "operational"; a select few be "formal".[19] De highest form of affiliation to UNESCO be "formal associate", den de 22 NGOs[20] plus formal associate (ASC) relations wey dey occupy offices for UNESCO be:

Abbr Organization
IB International Baccalaureate
CCIVS Co-ordinating Committee for International Voluntary Service
CIPSH International Council for Philosophy and Humanistic Studies (Conseil International de Philosophie et des Sciences Humaines; e dey publish Diogenes)
CIOFF International Council of Organizations of Folklore Festivals and Folk Arts (Conseil International des Organisations de Festivals de Folklore et d'Arts Traditionnels)
EI Education International
IAU International Association of Universities
IFTC International Council for Film, Television and Audiovisual Communication
ICOM International Council of Museums
ICSSPE International Council of Sport Science and Physical Education
ICA International Council on Archives
ICOMOS International Council on Monuments and Sites
IFJ International Federation of Journalists
IFLA International Federation of Library Associations and Institutions
IFPA International Federation of Poetry Associations
IMC International Music Council
IPA International Police Association
INSULA International Scientific Council for Island Development
ISC International Science Council (formerly International Council for Science (ICSU) den International Social Science Council (ISSC)
ITI International Theatre Institute
IUCN International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources
IUTAO International Union of Technical Associations and Organizations
UIA Union of International Associations
WAN World Association of Newspapers
WFEO World Federation of Engineering Organizations
WFUCA World Federation of UNESCO Clubs, Centres and Associations

Institutes den centres

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De institutes be specialized departments of de organization wey dey support UNESCO ein programme, wey dey provide specialized support give cluster den national offices.

Abbr Name Location
IBE International Bureau of Education Geneva[21]
UIL UNESCO Institute for Lifelong Learning Hamburg[22]
IIEP UNESCO International Institute for Educational Planning Paris (headquarters) den Buenos Aires den Dakar (regional offices)[23]
IITE UNESCO Institute for Information Technologies in Education Moscow[24]
IICBA UNESCO International Institute for Capacity Building in Africa Addis Ababa[25]
IESALC UNESCO International Institute for Higher Education in Latin America and the Caribbean Caracas[26]
MGIEP Mahatma Gandhi Institute of Education for Peace and Sustainable Development New Delhi[27]
UNESCO-UNEVOC UNESCO-UNEVOC International Centre for Technical and Vocational Education and Training Bonn[28]
ICWRGC International Centre for Water Resources and Global Change Koblenz[29]
IHE IHE-Delft Institute for Water Education Delft[30]
ICTP International Centre for Theoretical Physics Trieste[31]
UIS UNESCO Institute for Statistics Montreal[32]

Prizes

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UNESCO dey award 26 prizes[33] insyd education, natural sciences, social den human sciences, culture, communication den information as well as peace:

Education

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  • UNESCO/King Sejong Literacy Prize
  • UNESCO/Confucius Prize for Literacy
  • UNESCO-Japan Prize on Education for Sustainable Development
  • UNESCO Prize for Girls' and Women's Education
  • UNESCO/Hamdan Bin Rashid Al-Maktoum Prize for Outstanding Practice and Performance in Enhancing the Effectiveness of Teachers
  • UNESCO King Hamad Bin Isa Al-Khalifa Prize for the Use of Information and Communication Technologies in Education

Natural Sciences

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  • L'Oréal-UNESCO Awards for Women in Science[34][35]
  • UNESCO/Kalinga Prize for the Popularization of Science
  • UNESCO-Equatorial Guinea International Prize for Research in the Life Sciences
  • Carlos J. Finlay Prize for Microbiology
  • UNESCO/Sultan Qaboos Prize for Environmental Preservation
  • UNESCO-Russia Mendeleev International Prize in the Basic Sciences
  • UNESCO-Al Fozan International Prize for the Promotion of Young Scientists in STEM
  • Michel Batisse Award for Biosphere Reserve Management

Social den Human Sciences

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  • UNESCO Avicenna Prize for Ethics in Science
  • UNESCO/Juan Bosch Prize for the Promotion of Social Science Research in Latin America and the Caribbean
  • UNESCO-Madanjeet Singh Prize for the Promotion of Tolerance and Non-Violence
  • UNESCO-Sharjah Prize for Arab Culture
  • UNESCO/International José Martí Prize
  • UNESCO-UNAM / Jaime Torres Bodet Prize in social sciences, humanities and arts

Culture

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  • Melina Mercouri International Prize for the Safeguarding and Management of Cultural Landscapes (UNESCO-Greece)

Communication den Information

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  • UNESCO/Guillermo Cano World Press Freedom Prize
  • UNESCO/Emir Jaber al-Ahmad al-Jaber al-Sabah Prize to promote Quality Education for Persons with Intellectual Disabilities
  • UNESCO/Jikji Memory of the World Prize

Peace

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  • Félix Houphouët-Boigny Peace Prize

Inactive prizes

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  • International Simón Bolívar Prize (inactive since 2004)
  • UNESCO Prize for Human Rights Education
  • UNESCO/Obiang Nguema Mbasogo International Prize for Research in the Life Sciences (inactive since 2010)
  • UNESCO Prize for the Promotion of the Arts

International Days dem observe for UNESCO

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International Days dem observe for UNESCO dem provide insyd de table below:[36]

Date Name
14 January World Logic Day
24 January World Day for African and Afrodescendant Culture[37]
24 January International Day of Education
25 January International Day of Women in Multilateralism[38]
27 January International Day of Commemoration in Memory of the Victims of the Holocaust
11 February International Day of Women and Girls in Science
13 February World Radio Day
21 February International Mother Language Day
4 March UNESCO World Engineering Day for Sustainable Development
8 March International Women's Day
14 March International Day of Mathematics
20 March International Francophonie Day
21 March International Day of Nowruz
21 March World Poetry Day
21 March International Day for the Elimination of Racial Discrimination
22 March World Water Day
5 April International Day of Conscience
6 April International Day of Sport for Development and Peace
15 April World Art Day
23 April World Book and Copyright Day
30 April International Jazz Day
3 May World Press Freedom Day
5 May African World Heritage Day
5 May World Portuguese Language Day
16 May International Day of Light
21 May World Day for Cultural Diversity for Dialogue and Development
22 May International Day for Biological Diversity
5 June World Environment Day
8 June World Oceans Day
17 June World Day to Combat Desertification and Drought
7 July UN Swahili Language Day (Kiswahili Language Day)
18 July Nelson Mandela International Day
26 July International Day for the Conservation of the Mangrove Ecosystem
9 August International Day of the World's Indigenous People
12 August International Youth Day
23 August International Day for the Remembrance of the Slave Trade and its Abolition
8 September International Literacy Day
9 September International Day to Protect Education from Attack
15 September International Day of Democracy
20 September International Day for University Sport
21 September International Day of Peace
28 September International Day for the Universal Access to Information
5 October World Teachers' Day
6 October International Geodiversity Day[39]
11 October International Day of the Girl Child
13 October International Day for Disaster Reduction
17 October International Day for the Eradication of Poverty
24 October United Nations Day
27 October World Day for Audiovisual Heritage
2 November International Day to End Impunity for Crimes Against Journalists[40]
3 November International Day for Biosphere Reserves[41]
First Thursday of November International day against violence and bullying at school including cyberbullying[42]
5 November World Day of Romani Language
5 November World Tsunami Awareness Day
10 November World Science Day for Peace and Development
14 November International Day against Illicit Trafficking in Cultural Property[43]
Third Thursday of November World Philosophy Day
16 November International Day for Tolerance
18 November International International Day of Islamic Art[44]
25 November International Day for the Elimination of Violence against Women
26 November World Olive Tree Day[45]
29 November International Day of Solidarity with the Palestinian People
1 December World AIDS Day
2 December World Futures Day[46]
3 December International Day of Persons with Disabilities
10 December Human Rights Day
18 December International Migrants Day
18 December World Arabic Language Day

Governing bodies

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Director-General

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As of June 2023, na der be 11 Directors-General of UNESCO since ein inception - men den two women. Na de 11 Directors-General of UNESCO komot six regions within de organization: West Europe (5), Central America (1), North America (2), West Africa (1), East Asia (1), den East Europe (1).

To date, na der be no elected Director-General from de ten regions within UNESCO wey remain: Southeast Asia, South Asia, Central den North Asia, Middle East, North Africa, East Africa, Central Africa, South Africa, Australia-Oceania, den South America.

De list of de Directors-General of UNESCO since ein establishment insyd 1946 be as follows:[47]

Directors-General of UNESCO
Order Image Name Country Term
1st Julian Huxley UK 1946–1948
2nd Jaime Torres Bodet  Mexico 1948–1952
– John Wilkinson Taylor  United States acting 1952–1953
3rd Luther Evans  United States 1953–1958
4th Vittorino Veronese  Italy 1958–1961
5th René Maheu France acting 1961; 1961–1974
6th Amadou-Mahtar M'Bow Senegal 1974–1987
7th Federico Mayor Zaragoza Spain 1987–1999
8th Koïchiro Matsuura Japan 1999–2009
9th Irina Bokova Bulgaria 2009–2017
10th Audrey Azoulay France 2017–Incumbent

General Conference

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Dis be de list of de sessions of de UNESCO General Conference dem hold since 1946:[48]

Session Location Year E be chaired by from
1st Paris 1946 Léon Blum France
2nd Mexico City 1947 Manuel Gual Vidal Mexico
3rd Beirut 1948 Hamid Bey Frangie Lebanon
1st extraordinary Paris 1948
4th Paris 1949 Edward Ronald Walker Australia
5th Florence 1950 Stefano Jacini  Italy
6th Paris 1951 Howland H. Sargeant  United States
7th Paris 1952 Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan

India

2nd extraordinary Paris 1953
8th Montevideo 1954 Justino Zavala Muniz Uruguay
9th New Delhi 1956 Abul Kalam Azad India
10th Paris 1958 Jean Berthoin France
11th Paris 1960 Akale-Work Abte-Wold Ethiopia
12th Paris 1962 Paulo de Berrêdo Carneiro Brazil
13th Paris 1964 Norair Sisakian Soviet Union
14th Paris 1966 Bedrettin Tuncel Turkey
15th Paris 1968 William Eteki Mboumoua Cameroon
16th Paris 1970 Atilio Dell'Oro Maini Argentina
17th Paris 1972 Toru Haguiwara Japan
3rd extraordinary Paris 1973
18th Paris 1974 Magda Jóború Hungary
19th Nairobi 1976 Taaita Toweett Kenya
20th Paris 1978 Napoléon LeBlanc Canada
21st Belgrade 1980 Ivo Margan Yugoslavia
4th extraordinary Paris 1982
22nd Paris 1983 Saïd Tell Jordan
23rd Sofia 1985 Nikolai Todorov Bulgaria
24th Paris 1987 Guillermo Putzeys Alvarez Guatemala
25th Paris 1989 Anwar Ibrahim Malaysia
26th Paris 1991 Bethwell Allan Ogot Kenya
27th Paris 1993 Ahmed Saleh Sayyad Yemen
28th Paris 1995 Torben Krogh Denmark
29th Paris 1997 Eduardo Portella Brazil
30th Paris 1999 Jaroslava Moserová  Czech Republic
31st Paris 2001 Ahmad Jalali Iran
32nd Paris 2003 Michael Omolewa Nigeria
33rd Paris 2005 Musa Bin Jaafar Bin Hassan Oman
34th Paris 2007 Georgios Anastassopoulos Greece
35th Paris 2009 Davidson Hepburn Bahamas
36th Paris 2011 Katalin Bogyay Hungary
37th[49] Paris 2013 Hao Ping  China
38th Paris 2015 Stanley Mutumba Simataa[50] Namibia
39th Paris 2017 Zohour Alaoui[51] Morocco
40th Paris 2019

Ahmet Altay Cengizer[52]

 Turkey
41st[53] Paris 2021 Santiago Irazabal Mourão Brazil
42nd[54] Paris 2023 Simona Miculescu Romania

Offices den headquarters

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Field offices by region

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Dem organize de following list of all UNESCO Field Offices geographically by UNESCO Region wey dey identify de members states den associate members of UNESCO wich be served by each office.[55]

Africa

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Arab States

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  • Amman – National Office to Jordan
  • Beirut – Regional Bureau for Education insyd de Arab States den Cluster Office to Lebanon, Syria, Jordan, Iraq den Palestine
  • Cairo – Regional Bureau for Sciences insyd de Arab States den Cluster Office give Egypt den Sudan
  • Doha – Cluster Office to Bahrain, Kuwait, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, United Arab Emirates den Yemen
  • Iraq – National Office for Iraq (currently dey locate insyd Amman, Jordan)
  • Khartoum – National Office to Sudan
  • Manama – Arab Regional Centre for World Heritage
  • Rabat – Cluster Office to Algeria, Libya, Mauritania, Morocco den Tunisia
  • Ramallah – National Office to the Palestinian Territories

Asia den Pacific

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  • Almaty – Cluster Office to Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan den Uzbekistan
  • Apia – Cluster Office to Australia, Cook Islands, Fiji, Kiribati, Marshall Islands, Federated States of Micronesia, Nauru, New Zealand, Niue, Palau, Papua New Guinea, Samoa, Solomon Islands, Tonga, Tuvalu, Vanuatu den Tokelau (Associate Member)
  • Bangkok – Regional Bureau for Education insyd Asia den de Pacific den Cluster Office to Thailand, Burma, Laos, Singapore den Vietnam
  • Beijing – Cluster Office to North Korea, Japan, Mongolia, de People's Republic of China den South Korea
  • Dhaka – National Office to Bangladesh
  • Hanoi – National Office to Vietnam
  • Islamabad – National Office to Pakistan
  • Jakarta – Regional Bureau for Sciences insyd Asia den de Pacific den Cluster Office to de Philippines, Brunei, Indonesia, Malaysia, den East Timor
  • Manila – National Office to de Philippines
  • Kabul – National Office to Afghanistan
  • Kathmandu – National Office to Nepal
  • New Delhi – Cluster Office to Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Maldives den Sri Lanka
  • Phnom Penh – National Office to Cambodia
  • Tashkent – National Office to Uzbekistan
  • Tehran – Cluster Office to Afghanistan, Iran, Pakistan den Turkmenistan

Europe den North America

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  • Brussels – Liaison Office to de European Union den ein subsidiary bodies insyd Brussels
  • Geneva – Liaison Office to the United Nations insyd Geneva
  • New York City – Liaison Office to de United Nations insyd New York
  • Venice – Regional Bureau for Sciences and Culture insyd Europe

Latin America den de Caribbean

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Carondelet Palace, Presidential Palace – plus changing of de guards. De Historic Center of Quito, Ecuador, be one of de largest, least-altered den best-preserved historic centres insyd de Americas.[56] Na dis centre be, togeda plus de historic centre of Kraków insyd Poland, de first make dem be declared World Heritage Site by UNESCO on 18 September 1978.
  • Brasília – National Office to Brazil[57]
  • Guatemala City – National Office to Guatemala
  • Havana – Regional Bureau for Culture insyd Latin America den de Caribbean den Cluster Office to Cuba, Dominican Republic, Haiti den Aruba
  • Kingston – Cluster Office to Antigua and Barbuda, Bahamas, Barbados, Belize, Dominica, Grenada, Guyana, Jamaica, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Suriname den Trinidad and Tobago as well as de associate member states of British Virgin Islands, Cayman Islands, Curaçao den Sint Maarten
  • Lima – National Office to Peru
  • Mexico City – National Office to Mexico
  • Montevideo – Regional Bureau for Sciences insyd Latin America den de Caribbean den Cluster Office to Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Paraguay den Uruguay
  • Port-au-Prince – National Office to Haiti
  • Quito – Cluster Office to Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador den Venezuela[58]
  • San José – Cluster Office to Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico, Nicaragua den Panama
  • Santiago de Chile – Regional Bureau for Education insyd Latin America den de Caribbean den National Office to Chile

Partner organizations

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  • International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC)
  • Blue Shield International (BSI)
  • International Council of Museums (ICOM)
  • International Council on Monuments and Sites (ICOMOS)
  • International Institute of Humanitarian Law (IIHL)

References

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  1. ↑ "UNESCO". UNESCO. Archived from the original on 25 September 2013. Retrieved 25 September 2013.
  2. ↑ "Introducing UNESCO". UNESCO. Archived from the original on 18 August 2011. Retrieved 8 August 2011.
  3. ↑ "UNESCO history". UNESCO. Archived from the original on 9 April 2010. Retrieved 23 April 2011.
  4. ↑ "List of UNESCO members and associates". UNESCO. Archived from the original on 15 August 2022. Retrieved 23 August 2022.
  5. ↑ "Partnerships". UNESCO (in English). 25 June 2013. Archived from the original on 23 August 2020. Retrieved 19 August 2020.
  6. ↑ "Field offices". UNESCO (in English). Archived from the original on 17 August 2020. Retrieved 19 August 2020.
  7. ↑ "National Commissions". UNESCO (in English). 28 September 2012. Archived from the original on 22 August 2020. Retrieved 19 August 2020.
  8. ↑ "About UNESCO Office for the Pacific States". UNESCO (in English). 1 August 2019. Retrieved 24 July 2023.
  9. ↑ 9.0 9.1 Grandjean, Martin (2018). Les réseaux de la coopération intellectuelle. La Société des Nations comme actrice des échanges scientifiques et culturels dans l'entre-deux-guerres [The Networks of Intellectual Cooperation. The League of Nations as an Actor of the Scientific and Cultural Exchanges in the Inter-War Period]. Lausanne: Université de Lausanne. Archived from the original on 12 September 2018. Retrieved 5 April 2019.
  10. ↑ "UNESCO. General Conference, 39th, 2017 [892]". UNESCO Digital Library. Archived from the original on 9 April 2020. Retrieved 19 August 2020.
  11. ↑ "MOFA: Project list of The UNESCO Japanese Funds-in-Trust for the Capacity-building of Human Resources". mofa.go.jp. Retrieved 30 June 2022.
  12. ↑ "Sponsors". climats-bourgogne.com. Retrieved 30 June 2022.
  13. ↑ "Sponsors and Contributors". wcrp-climate.org. Retrieved 30 June 2022.
  14. ↑ "UNESCO • General Conference; 34th; Medium-term Strategy, 2008–2013; 2007" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 28 July 2011. Retrieved 8 August 2011.
  15. ↑ Grandjean, Martin (2020). "A Representative Organization? Ibero-American Networks in the Committee on Intellectual Cooperation of the League of Nations (1922–1939)". Cultural Organizations, Networks and Mediators in Contemporary Ibero-America: 65–89. doi:10.4324/9780429299407-4. S2CID 243387712. Archived from the original on 17 January 2021. Retrieved 13 August 2020.
  16. ↑ Hamen, Susan E; Wilson, Theodore A (2014). The Great Depression and World War II : 1929–1945. ABDO Publishing Company. ISBN 978-1-62403-178-6. OCLC 870724668.
  17. ↑ "IBE — Digital Collections — IBE History, 1925-1969". IBE — Digital Collections (in British English). Retrieved 2024-07-26.
  18. ↑ "Quoted on UNESCO official site". Ngo-db.unesco.org. Archived from the original on 25 June 2012. Retrieved 1 July 2012.
  19. ↑ "Full list of NGOs that have official relations with UNESCO". UNESCO. Archived from the original on 23 June 2012. Retrieved 1 July 2012.
  20. ↑ "UNESCO Headquarters Committee 107th session 13 Feb 2009". Ngo-db.unesco.org. Archived from the original on 25 June 2012. Retrieved 1 July 2012.
  21. ↑ "International Bureau of Education". UNESCO. Archived from the original on 14 November 2018. Retrieved 14 November 2018.
  22. ↑ "About the Institute". UIL – UNESCO Institute for Lifelong Learning. 29 October 2015. Archived from the original on 14 November 2018. Retrieved 14 November 2018.
  23. ↑ "IIEP UNESCO". Archived from the original on 19 November 2014. Retrieved 14 November 2018.
  24. ↑ "Contact Us". UNESCO IITE. Archived from the original on 14 November 2018. Retrieved 14 November 2018.
  25. ↑ "Contact Us". IICBA. UNESCO. Archived from the original on 14 November 2018. Retrieved 14 November 2018.
  26. ↑ "Contact Us". IESALC (in Spanish). UNESCO. Archived from the original on 14 November 2018. Retrieved 14 November 2018.
  27. ↑ "Building Social and Emotional Learning for Education 2030". UNESCO MGIEP. UNESCO. Archived from the original on 23 March 2018. Retrieved 3 February 2020.
  28. ↑ "UNESCO-UNEVOC International Centre". Archived from the original on 14 November 2018. Retrieved 14 November 2018.
  29. ↑ "The International Centre for Water Resources and Global Change (ICWRGC)". ICWRGC – International Centre for Water Resources and Global Change. Archived from the original on 20 January 2022. Retrieved 4 July 2022.
  30. ↑ "Home". IHE Delft Institute for Water Education. UNESCO. Archived from the original on 24 October 2018. Retrieved 14 November 2018.
  31. ↑ "Mission & History". ICTP – International Centre for Theoretical Physics. UNESCO. Archived from the original on 14 November 2018. Retrieved 14 November 2018.
  32. ↑ "Contact Us". UNESCO Institute for Statistics. 21 November 2016. Archived from the original on 14 November 2018. Retrieved 14 November 2018.
  33. ↑ UNESCO Executive Board Document 185 EX/38 Archived 2 February 2011 at the Wayback Machine, Paris, 10 September 2010
  34. ↑ Peccia, Tiziano, Rasha Kelej, Ahmed Hamdy, and Ahmed Fahmi. "A reflection on Public-Private Partnerships’ contribution to the attainment of Sustainable Development Goals.", Scienza e Pace - Università di Pisa, 8.1 (2017): Research Papers.
  35. ↑ Hamdy, Ahmed, Mohammed Kyari, Marie Johnson, Ahmed Fahmi, and Tiziano Peccia. "Towards Women participation in Scientific Research in Africa." Published by African Union Scientific, Technical and Research Commission (AU-STRC).
  36. ↑ International Days | United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization Archived 10 November 2012 at the Wayback Machine. UNESCO. Retrieved 12 July 2013.
  37. ↑ "World Day for African and Afrodescendant Culture". United Nations. Retrieved 16 March 2023.
  38. ↑ "International Day of Women in Multilateralism". UNESCO.
  39. ↑ "Home". Geodiversity Day (in English). Retrieved 30 March 2023.
  40. ↑ "International Day to End Impunity for Crimes against Journalists". UNESCO. Archived from the original on 30 October 2017. Retrieved 19 December 2016.
  41. ↑ "International Day for Biosphere Reserves". UNESCO. Retrieved 20 March 2023.
  42. ↑ "International day against violence and bullying at school including cyberbullying". UNESCO. Retrieved 30 March 2023.
  43. ↑ "International Day against Illicit Trafficking in Cultural Property". UNESCO. Retrieved 30 March 2023.
  44. ↑ "International Day of Islamic Art". UNESCO. Retrieved 30 March 2023.
  45. ↑ "World Day of the Olive Tree". International Olive Council (in American English). Retrieved 30 March 2023.
  46. ↑ "World Futures Day". UNESCO. Retrieved 30 March 2023.
  47. ↑ UNESCO official site: Directors-General Archived 18 July 2018 at the Wayback Machine
  48. ↑ UNESCO official site: Previous Sessions of the General Conference Archived 25 October 2011 at the Wayback Machine
  49. ↑ "General Conference 37th". United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization. Archived from the original on 3 October 2015. Retrieved 25 September 2015.
  50. ↑ "President of the 38th session of the General Conference". UNESCO. Archived from the original on 16 November 2015. Retrieved 11 November 2015.
  51. ↑ "President of the 39th session of the General Conference". UNESCO. 5 October 2017. Archived from the original on 13 November 2017. Retrieved 12 November 2017.
  52. ↑ "UNESCO: President of the 40th session of the General Conference". 14 October 201. Archived from the original on 18 October 2020. Retrieved 20 August 2020.
  53. ↑ "41st Session of the General Conference – 9–24 November 2021". UNESCO. 1 June 2021. Archived from the original on 6 October 2021. Retrieved 6 October 2021.
  54. ↑ "Address by Ms Simona Mirela Miculescu". 13 November 2023.
  55. ↑ "List of All UNESCO Field Offices by Region with Descriptions of Member State Coverage". UNESCO. Archived from the original on 8 September 2019.
  56. ↑ "City of Quito – UNESCO World Heritage". UNESCO. Archived from the original on 7 May 2009. Retrieved 30 April 2010.
  57. ↑ "UNESCO Office in Brasilia | United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization". unesco.org. Archived from the original on 25 September 2015. Retrieved 24 September 2015.
  58. ↑ "Oficina de la UNESCO en Quito | Organización de las Naciones Unidas para la Educación, la Ciencia y la Cultura". unesco.org. Archived from the original on 25 September 2015. Retrieved 24 September 2015.

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