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United Nations General Assembly

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United Nations General Assembly
international parliament, principal organ of the United Nations
Part ofUnited Nations System, United Nations Edit
Year dem found am1945 Edit
Native labelUnited Nations General Assembly Edit
Short nameUNGA, AGNU, AGNU, GS ZN Edit
Position held by head of the organizationPresident of the United Nations General Assembly Edit
ChairpersonDennis Francis Edit
Dey apply to jurisdictionUnited Nations Edit
Parent organizationUnited Nations Edit
Get subsidiaryUNICEF, United Nations Development Programme, United Nations System Staff College, United Nations Commission on International Trade Law, UN Trade and Development Edit
Demma headquarters locationHeadquarters of the United Nations Edit
Foundational textCharter of the United Nations Edit
Dema official websitehttps://un.org/ga Edit
Described at URLhttps://media.un.org/en/search/categories/meetings-events/general-assembly Edit
Related categoryCategory:United Nations General Assembly elections Edit

De United Nations General Assembly (UNGA anaa GA; French: Assemblée générale des Nations Unies,[1] AGNU anaa AG) be one of de six principal organs of de United Nations (UN), wey dey serve as ein main deliberative, policymaking, den representative organ. Currently insyd ein 79th session, ein powers, composition, functions, den procedures be set out insyd Chapter IV of de United Nations Charter.

De UNGA be responsible for de UN budget, wey dey appoint de non-permanent members to de Security Council, wey dey appoint de UN secretary-general, wey dey receive reports from oda parts of de UN system, den dey make recommendations thru resolutions.[2] E sanso dey establish chaw subsidiary organs make e advance anaa assist insyd ein broad mandate.[3] De UNGA be de UN organ per wer all member states get equal representation.

De General Assembly dey meet under ein presido anaa de UN secretary-general insyd annual sessions for de General Assembly Building, within de UN headquarters insyd New York City. De primary phase of dese meetings generally dey run from September thru part of January til all issues be addressed, wich often be before de next session start.[4] E sanso fi reconvene for special den emergency special sessions. Na dem convene de first session on 10 January 1946 insyd de Methodist Central Hall insyd London wey be included representatives of de 51 founding nations.

Chaw questions be decided insyd de General Assembly by a simple majority. Each member country get one vote. Voting for certain important questions—namely recommendations on peace den security; budgetary concerns; den de election, admission, suspension, anaa expulsion of members—be by a two-thirds majority of those wey be present den dey vote. Apart from de approval of budgetary matters, wey dey include de adoption of a scale of assessment, Assembly resolutions no be binding for de members dema top. De Assembly fi make recommendations for any matters top within de scope of de UN, except matters of peace den security under de Security Council ein consideration.

Although na de resolutions wey be passed by de General Assembly no get binding forces over de member nations (apart from budgetary measures), pursuant to ein Uniting for Peace resolution of November 1950 (resolution 377 (V)), de Assembly sanso fi take action if de Security Council fail make e act, dey owe to de negative vote of a permanent member, insyd a case wer der dey appear to be a threat to de peace, breach of de peace anaa act of aggression. De Assembly fi consider de matter immediately plus a view to make dem make recommendations to Members for collective measures to maintain anaa restore international peace den security.[5]

Ein History

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The first meeting of the UN General Assembly happen for 10 January 1946 inside Methodist Central Hall for London. For there, representatives from 51 countries come gather.[6] After dat, before dem go settle for good for Manhattan in 1951, de Assembly bin dey meet for di old New York City Pavilion from di 1939 New York World's Fair for Flushing , New York.[7] On November 29.1947, dem Assembly people vote say dem go take di United Nations Partition Plan for Palestine for dat same place.[8]

For 1946 to 1951, di General Assembly, Security Council, and Economic Social Council bin dey hold dema meetings for di United Nations temporary head office for Lake Success, New York.[9][10] Around dat time for 1949, CBS Television network bin show live pictures of dem meetings for dema United Nations in Action program wey di journalist Edmund Chester make.

Dem move go di permanent United Nations Headquarters for New York City when dem start dema seventh normal yearly meeting, on 14 October 1952. For December 1988, sake of dem wan hear Yasser Arafat, di General Assembly plan dema 43rd meeting for Palace of Nations, for Geneva, Switzerland.[11]

Membership

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Main talk: Countries wey dey inside United Nations

All di 193 countries wey dey for United Nations, dem all dey inside di General Assembly, plus Holy See and Palestine wey be observer states, and European Union too (since 1974). On top, di United Nations General Assembly fit give observer status give any international group or people, wey go make dem fit join di work wey General Assembly dey do, but dem get some limits.

Agenda

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De plan wey dem dey take do each session, dem dey fix am like seven months before, and e dey start wit one first list of tings wey dem go put for di temporary agenda.[12] Dem go polish dis list into proper temporary agenda 60 days before di session open. When di session start, dem go take di final agenda for one big meeting wey dem call plenary, wey go share di work give different main committees, and dem committees go bring report come back give di Assembly make dem take am by everybody agreeing or by voting.

Di tings wey dey di agenda, dem get numbers. Normal plenary meetings for di General Assembly for recent years, dem bin plan say e go take just three months; but sake of plenty work, dem dey stretch di meetings till e nearly reach di next session. Di normal parts of di sessions dey start on "di Tuesday for di third week for September, counting from di first week wey get at least one working day," as di UN Rules of Procedure talk.[13] Di last two of dis normal sessions, dem bin plan say dem go rest after three months[14] for early December, but dem start again for January and stretch am till just before di next sessions go start.[15]

Methodist Central Hall, London, de location of de first meeting of de United Nations General Assembly insyd 1946[16]

Subsidiary organs

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Commissions

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Der be six commissions:[17]

  • United Nations Disarmament Commission, dem establish by GA Resolution 502 (VI) den S-10/2
  • International Civil Service Commission, dem establish by GA Resolution 3357 (XXIX)
  • International Law Commission, dem establish by GA Resolution 174 (II)
  • United Nations Commission on International Trade Law (UNCITRAL), dem establish by GA Resolution 2205 (XXI)
  • United Nations Conciliation Commission for Palestine, dem establish by GA Resolution 194 (III)
  • United Nations Peacebuilding Commission, dem establish by GA Resolution 60/180 den UN Security Council Resolutions 1645 (2005) den 1646 (2005)

Despite ein name, na de former United Nations Commission on Human Rights (UNCHR) actually be a subsidiary body of United Nations Economic and Social Council (ECOSOC).

Boards

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Der be seven boards wich dem categorize into two groups: a) Executive Boards den b) Boards[18]

Executive Boards

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  1. Executive Board of de United Nations Children's Fund, dem establish by GA Resolution 57 (I) den 48/162
  2. Executive Board of de United Nations Development Programme den of de United Nations Population Fund, dem establish by GA Resolution 2029 (XX) den 48/162
  3. Executive Board of de World Food Programme, dem establish by GA Resolution 50/8

Boards

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  1. Board of Auditors, dem establish by GA Resolution 74 (I)
  2. Trade and Development Board, dem establish by GA Resolution 1995 (XIX)
  3. United Nations Joint Staff Pension Board, dem establish by GA Resolution 248 (III)
  4. Advisory Board on Disarmament Matters, dem establish by GA Resolution 37/99 K

Councils den panels

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De newest council be de United Nations Human Rights Council, wich replace de aforementioned UNCHR insyd March 2006.

Der be a total of four councils den one panel.[19]

Working Groups den oda

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Der be a varied group of working groups den oda subsidiary bodies.[20]

Seating

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Countries be seated alphabetically insyd de General Assembly according to English translations of de countries ein names. De country wey occupies de front-most left position be determined annually by de secretary-general via ballot draw. De remaining countries follow alphabetically after it.

Reform and UNPA

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Main article: Reform of de United Nations

Sanso see: United Nations Parliamentary Assembly

On 21 March 2005, Secretary-General Kofi Annan dey present a report, Insyd Larger Freedom, dat criticized de General Assembly for focusing so much on consensus dat e be passing watered-down resolutions reflecting "de lowest common denominator of widely different opinions." He sanso criticize de Assembly for trying to address too broad an agenda, instead of focusing on "de major substantive issues of de day, such as international migration den de long-debated comprehensive convention on terrorism." Annan recommended streamlining de General Assembly ein agenda, committee structure, den procedures; strengthening de role den authority of ein president; enhancing de role of civil society; den establishing a mechanism to review de decisions of ein committees, insyd oda to minimize unfunded mandates den micromanagement of de United Nations Secretariat. Annan reminded UN members of demma responsibility to implement reforms, if they expect to realize improvements insyd UN effectiveness.

De reform proposals be not taken up by de United Nations World Summit insyd September 2005. Instead, de Summit solely affirmed de central position of de General Assembly as de chief deliberative, policymaking den representative organ of de United Nations, as well as de advisory role of de Assembly insyd de process of standard-setting den de codification of international law. De Summit sanso dey call for strengthening de relationship between de General Assembly den de oda principal organs to ensure better coordination on topical issues dat require coordinated action by de United Nations, insyd accordance plus demma respective mandates.

A United Nations Parliamentary Assembly, or United Nations People's Assembly (UNPA), be a proposed addition to de United Nations System dat eventually can allow for direct election of UN parliament members by citizens all over de world.

Insyd de General Debate of de 65th General Assembly, Jorge Valero, representing Venezuela, say "De United Nations has exhausted ein model den e be not simply a matter of proceeding plus reform, de twenty-first century demands deep changes dat be only possible plus a rebuilding of dis organisation." He point to de futility of resolutions concerning de Cuban embargo den de Middle East conflict as reasons for de UN model having failed. Venezuela sanso call for de suspension of veto rights insyd de Security Council because e be a "remnant of de Second World War [e] be incompatible plus de principle of sovereign equality of States."

Reform of de United Nations General Assembly wey include proposals to change de powers den composition of de U.N. General Assembly. Dis can include, for example, tasking de Assembly plus evaluating how well member states implement UNGA resolutions, wey increase de power of de assembly vis-à-vis de United Nations Security Council, or making debates more constructive den less repetitive.

De U.N. General Assembly approved de "Pact for de Future," a plan to address global challenges including climate change, AI regulation, inequality, den conflicts. E dey call for reforms to de Security Council, nuclear disarmament, den greater inclusion of youth den women insyd decision-making. U.N. Secretary-General Guterres urged leaders to act on these commitments.

Sidelines of de General Assembly

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De annual session of de United Nations General Assembly be accompanied by independent meetings between world leaders, better known as meetings taking place on de sidelines of de Assembly meeting. De diplomatic congregation has sanso since evolved into a week attracting wealthy den influential individuals from around de world to New York City to address various agendas, ranging from humanitarian den environmental to business den political.

Sanso see

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  • History of the United Nations
  • List of current permanent representatives to the United Nations
  • Reform of the United Nations
  • United Nations Interpretation Service
  • United Nations System
  • PassBlue

References

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  1. ↑ "Assemblée générale des Nations Unies". 18 April 2025. Retrieved 18 April 2025.
  2. ↑ Charter of the United Nations: Chapter IV Archived 12 October 2007 at the Wayback Machine. United Nations.
  3. ↑ "Subsidiary Organs of the General Assembly". United Nations General Assembly. Archived from the original on Jul 15, 2018.
  4. ↑ United Nations Official Document. "The annual session convenes on Tuesday of the third week in September per Resolution 57/301, Para. 1. The opening debate begins the following Tuesday". United Nations. Archived from the original on 23 May 2020. Retrieved 13 September 2016.
  5. ↑ General Assembly of the United Nations Archived 29 March 2018 at the Wayback Machine. United Nations. Retrieved 12 July 2013.
  6. ↑ "History of United Nations 1941 – 1950". United Nations. Archived from the original on 12 March 2015. Retrieved 12 March 2015.
  7. ↑ "Queens Public Library Digital". digitalarchives.queenslibrary.org. Archived from the original on 10 December 2022. Retrieved 6 December 2022.
  8. ↑ "United Nations, Queens: A Local History of the 1947 Israel-Palestine Partition". The Center for the Humanities. Archived from the original on 6 December 2022. Retrieved 6 December 2022.
  9. ↑ Rosenthal, A. M. (19 May 1951). "U.N. Vacates Site at Lake Success; Peace Building Back to War Output". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on 26 July 2022. Retrieved 26 July 2022.
  10. ↑ Druckman, Bella (19 May 2021). "The United Nations Headquarters in Long Island's Lake Success". Untapped New York. Archived from the original on 19 May 2021. Retrieved 16 January 2023.
  11. ↑ (in French) "Genève renoue avec sa tradition de ville de paix, Le Temps, 16 January 2014. Archived 16 April 2022 at the Wayback Machine".
  12. ↑ "Introduction - UN Documentation: General Assembly". United Nations Research Guides and Resources at United Nations Dag Hammarskjöld Library. Archived from the original on 21 October 2013.
  13. ↑ "Sessions, Rules of Procedure". General Assembly of the United Nations. Archived from the original on 6 November 2018. Retrieved 29 June 2017.
  14. ↑ "General Assembly Adopts Work Programme for Sixty-Fourth Session". UN General Assembly. Archived from the original on 2 November 2012.
  15. ↑ "High-level meetings of the 64th Session", General Assembly of the UN. Archived 26 July 2018 at the Wayback Machine.
  16. ↑ "History of United Nations 1941 – 1950". United Nations. Archived from the original on 12 March 2015. Retrieved 12 March 2015.
  17. ↑ "Subsidiary Organs of the General Assembly: Commissions". United Nations General Assembly. United Nations. Archived from the original on 17 November 2018. Retrieved 19 June 2018.
  18. ↑ "Subsidiary Organs of the General Assembly: Boards". United Nations General Assembly. United Nations. Archived from the original on 22 October 2018. Retrieved 19 June 2018.
  19. ↑ "Subsidiary Organs of the General Assembly: Assemblies and Councils". United Nations General Assembly. United Nations. Archived from the original on 22 October 2018. Retrieved 19 June 2018.
  20. ↑ "Subsidiary Organs of the General Assembly: Working Groups". United Nations General Assembly. United Nations. Archived from the original on 31 October 2018. Retrieved 19 June 2018.
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