Irritable bowel syndrome

irritable bowel syndrome

class of disease, symptom or sign

Subclass of	functional colonic disease, syndrome, intestinal disease, disease
Health specialty	gastroenterology
Symptoms and signs	abdominal discomfort, bloating, constipation, diarrhea
Medical examination	sigmoidoscopy, colonoscopy, physical examination
Possible treatment	diet, alkaloid, antispasmodic, β-lactulose, probiotics
ICD-9-CM	564.1
ICPC 2 ID	D93
NCI Thesaurus ID	C82343, C82343

Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) be group of symptoms —wey dey include abdominal pain den changes for de pattern of bowel movements insyd wey no get evidence for underlying damage. Dis symptoms dey occur ova long time, often years. Dem classify am go four main types wey dey depend for whether diarrhea be common, constipation be common, both be common, anaa neither dey occur very often (IBS-D, IBS-C, IBS-M, anaa IBS-U respectively). IBS negatively dey affect quality of life wey go fi result for missed school anaa job. Disorders lyk anxiety, major depression, den chronic fatigue syndrome be common among people plus IBS.

De cause no be clear. Theories dey include combinations of gut-brain axis problems, gut motility disorders, pain sensitivity, infections wey dey include small intestinal bacterial overgrowth, neurotransmitters, genetic factors, den food sensitivity. Intestinal infection go fi trigger onset, anaa stressful life event. IBS be functional gastrointestinal disorder. Dem base diagnosis for symptoms top for de absence of worrisome features wey dem rule out once oda potential conditions. Worrisome features dey include onset for greater dan 50 years of age, weight loss, blood for stool insyd, anaa family history of Inflammatory bowel disease. Oda conditions wey go fi be present similarly dey include celiac disease, microscopic colitis, inflammatory bowel disease, bile acid malabsorption, den colon cancer.

Cure no dey; plus efforts make dem improve symptoms. Dis go fi include dietary changes, exercise, medication, probiotics, den counselling. Dietary measures dey include increasing soluble fiber, gluten-free diet, anaa short-term diet low in fermentable oligosaccharides, disaccharides, monosaccharides, den polyols (FODMAPs). Dem go fi use de medication loperamide make e help plus diarrhea while laxatives lyk polyethylene glycol go fi help plus constipation. Antidepressants, antispasmodics, den peppermint oil go fi improve overall symptoms den reduce pain. Patient education den good doctor-patient relationship be important part of care.

Dem dey believe say about 10–15% of people wey dey de developed world IBS afftect. Dem estimate say 1–45% of people globally wey IBS affect. Ebe more common for South America insyd den less common for Southeast Asia insyd. Ebe twice common for women insyd as men wey edey typically occur before age 45. De condition dey appear make e cam turn less coomon plus age. IBS no dey affect life expectancy anaa dey lead go oda serious diseases. Na de first description for de condition be for 1820 insyd while de current term irritable bowel syndrome cam into use for 1944 insyd.