Namsadang
| McCune-Reischauer romanization | Namsatang  |
|---|---|
| Revised romanization | Namsadang |
| Country | South Korea |
| Country of origin | South Korea |
| Intangible cultural heritage status | National Intangible Cultural Heritage in South Korea, Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity |
| Described at URL | https://ich.unesco.org/en/RL/00184, https://ich.unesco.org/fr/RL/00184, https://ich.unesco.org/es/RL/00184, https://english.cha.go.kr/chaen/search/selectGeneralSearchDetail.do?mn=EN_02_02&sCcebKdcd=17&ccebAsno=00030000&sCcebCtcd=11&pageIndex=1&ccebKdcd=17&ccebCtcd=, https://www.heritage.go.kr/heri/cul/culSelectDetail.do?ccbaCpno=1271100030000 |
De namsadang (Korean pronunciation be: [nam.sa.daŋ]) be sam Korean itinerant troupe wey dey consist of male performers wey present various performing arts such as acrobatics, singing, dancing den playing like sam circus.[1] Na dem say dem spontaneously form namsadang before 1900 for Joseon Dynasty ein tym insyd[2][3] wey na dem dey wander about marketplaces den villages.[1] Na dem dey consider de troupe as de lowest class for society insyd along plus cheonmin (vulgar commoners) anaa baekjeong (butchers), so say very few historical documents go remain for demma top. However, since sam record dey say dem perform sam puppet show for de Silla period tym insyd (57 BCE – 935 CE) wey dem find am, dem dey assume say similar types of itinerant companies appear for Korean history insyd a long tym ago.[3]
Ein Troupe organization[edit | edit source]
Na Namsadang usually dey consist of 40 ~ 50 members of all ages. De head of de group ein name be kkokdusoe (꼭두쇠, Korean pronunciation be: [k͈okt͈usʰwe])[1] wey de second-in-command ein name be golbaengisoe (골뱅이쇠 [kolbɛŋiːsʰwe]). Underneath na tteunsoe dey (뜬쇠 [t͈ɯːnsʰwe]), gayeol (가열 [kajʌl]), ppiri (삐리 [p͈iɾi]), jeoseungpae (저승패 [tɕʌsʰɯŋpʰɛ]), den deungjimkkun (등짐꾼 [tɯŋdʑimk͈un]). Tteunsoe be de head of each performance anaa senior performer wey gayeol be sam performer. Ppiri be sam apprentice. For addition, jeoseungpae dey refer elderly members wey deungjimkkun be porters.[1][2]
Namsadang nori[edit | edit source]
Na dem dey hold Namsadang's yeonhui (연희, 演戱) anaa performances for ground instead of theaters. As namsadang find sam village, na dem for get permission from de leader of de village so say dem go fi present demma talents. Members of namsadang perform de six nori for de biggest yard of de village. De sequence of six nori be as follows:[3]
Pungmul nori[edit | edit source]
Pungmul nori (풍물놀이) be de first performance of namsadang nori, wey dem combine plus music, dance, sangmo nori (상모놀이, spinning streamer hat performance) den various oda activities. Pungmul instruments dey comprise four percussion instruments such as jing (gong), kkwaenggwari (anoda kind of gong), buk (drum), janggu (double-headed drum) den several sogo (tabors) den nallari/Taepyeongso (double-reed), wey dey make unique melodies den rhythms.[3] De music wey four instruments of pungmul dey play (i.e. jing, kkwaenggwari, buk, janggu) ein name be samul nori (four piece playing).[4]
Deotboegi[edit | edit source]
Deotboegi (덧뵈기) dey mean "See plus de mask on". Generally, dis performance get good humor den tendency wey go tickle de fancy of de public. Deotboegi dey gain high popularity among audience. However esana dey contain keen satire for de society top den yangban anaa noble class of Joseon Dynasty.[3][4]
Deolmi[edit | edit source]
Dem dey play Deolmi (덜미) anaa puppet play last. Dem sana know am as "kkokdugaksi noreum" (꼭두각시놀음), wey dey comprise de three words: kkokdu (puppet), gaksi (maiden) den noreum (nori, performance). For addition, de puppetry be "bakcheomji noreum" (박첨지놀음) den "hongdongji nori" (홍동지놀이), wey dem dey name all afta de main characters for de play insyd.
Generally performers dey use about 40 puppets den around 10 hand props.
Baudeogi[edit | edit source]
Probably de most famous den person ever for de history of namsadang be Baudeogi. Ein real name be Kim Amdeok (김암덕). Dem born am as de daughter of sam poor peasant farmer wey join de troupe for de age of 5 for 1853 insyd. Na she get great makings of de six performances, wey plus ein amazing skills den artistic talent, cam turn sam big star among de public.
Ein Cultural significance[edit | edit source]
You go fi see de significance of namsadang nori for ein common touch insyd. Dis cam for existence insyd spontaneously wey dem dey perform give poor farmers, folks, traders, den oda middle-class den low-class people. Na edey function as consolation give de public wey egain high popularity among de general populace. Wey though eno be so refined as oda Korean musical styles (i.e. Dodeuri) den dances (i.e. Kommu, sword dance) give de noble class, Esana be seen as performance wey be meant say ego convey den get most powerful appeal give emotion.
Ein Restoration[edit | edit source]
Dem re-establish de troupe for Anseong insyd, wey be de birthplace of de old namsadang, so say ego preserve ein cultural heritage. De new troupe get ein regular performances for every Saturday wey esana dey provide overseas performances from tym go tym.[5]
Make you sana see[edit | edit source]
- Samul nori
- Kkoktugakshi Nori
- The King and the Clown
- Traditional Korean musical instruments
- Important Intangible Cultural Properties of Korea
- Traditional music of Korea
- Dance of Korea
References[edit | edit source]
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 "Namsadang:Professional acrobatics, Song and Dance groups". Anseon Namsadang Baudeogi Festival. Archived from the original on September 19, 2008. Retrieved 2008-07-13.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 "The Origin of Namsadang (남사당 유래)" (in Korean). Anseong Namsadang Baudeogi Pungmuldan. Archived from the original on 2017-11-15. Retrieved 2008-07-13.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 "Namsadang (남사당 男寺黨)" (in Korean). Empas/ EncyKorea. Retrieved 2008-07-13.
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 엠파스 백과사전
- ↑ Official Site of Korea Tourism Org.: Anseong Baudeogi Festival