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Para-athletics

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Para-athletics
classification in sports
Subclass ofathletics, paralympic sports, parasport Edit
Sportathletics Edit
Practiced bypara athletics competitor, paralympic athletics coach Edit
World Para Athletics ein logo

Para-athletics be de sport of athletics people plus disability practise as parasport. De athletics events within de parasport mostly be de same as those available to able-bodied people, plus two major exceptions insyd wheelchair racing den de club throw, wich be specific to de division. Dem know de sport by various names, wey dey include disability athletics, disabled track den field den Paralympic athletics. Dem fi bell top-level competitors elite athletes plus disability.[1]

Dem dey typically organise competitors into three broad categories: deaf sports, athletes plus physical disability, den athletes plus intellectual disability. Deaf athletes typically dey compete among demaselves, while athletes plus physical den intellectual disabilities dey usually assess dem wey dem dey give dem para-athletics classification, wich dey group togeda athletes plus similar ability levels. Dese classifications dem govern by de International Paralympic Committee (IPC) wey dey comprise single letter den number: T give Track anaa F give Field, then number wey dey define de level of ability. Insyd competition, events fi take place between athletes of identical class if numbers be sufficient, otherwise range of similar classes fi compete insyd de same event.[2] Dem fi use de Raza point score system insyd field events make e allow athletes of different abilities make dem directly compete.

International governance dey operate outsyd of de sport ein able-bodied governing body World Athletics (til 2019: IAAF) den instead dem divide am among those categories, plus deaf athletics oversee by de International Committee of Sports for the Deaf (CISS),[3] para-athletics give de physical disabled principally dem govern by de World Para Athletics subcommittee of de IPC,[4] den para-athletics give de intellectually disabled thru de International Sports Federation for Persons with Intellectual Disability (INAS).[5] Der sanso be condition-specific organisations, such as de International Dwarf Sports Federation den International Athletics Association for Persons with Down Syndrome.[6][7] Rules give de sport be adapted from those set forth by de World Athletics, plus de majority of rules give para-athletics be de same as those give able-bodied competitions, plus exceptions dat account give competitors dema abilities, such as visual signal instead of starting pistol insyd races give de deaf.[8]

Paralympic athletics be one of de sports for de Paralympic Games since 1960,[9][10] though deaf athletes den athletes plus intellectual disability dey compete separately for de Deaflympics den Special Olympics World Games, respectively. De three major sport-specific world championships give para-athletics be de World Para Athletics Championships, de World Deaf Athletics Championships den de INAS World Athletics Championships. Oda major para-athletics competitions dem dey host within de IWAS World Games den de INAS Global Games.[11]

De name of de sport dem dey derive from portmanteau of de words Paralympic den athletics – de former term einself be portmanteau of de words paraplegic den Olympic, though now edey describe athletics give all disabilities. Sam para-athletics competitors (for particular deaf, visually impaired, den amputee athletes) sanso dey compete insyd de able-bodied division of de sport, though competitions plus mix of elite disabled den able-bodied athletes dem no typically class am as para-athletics.

Classification

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Dey dey classify competitors for elite level competitions by disability, make dem arrange athletes plus similar disability insyd de same event. Classified T12 athlete for example, be track athlete plus visual impairment.

  • F = Field athletes
  • T = Track athletes
  • 11–13 – Visual impairment 11 den 12 compete plus sighted guide.
  • 20 – Intellectual impairment
  • 31–38 – Cerebral palsy
  • 40-41 athletes plus dwarfism
  • 42–46 – Amputation, den odas
  • 51–57 – Wheelchair

Insyd wheelchair racing, athletes dey compete insyd lightweight racing chairs. Chaw major marathons get wheelchair divisions den de elite racers consistently dey beat de runners for foot.

Events

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Paralympic athletes dey compete insyd de events wey dey follow. Note say no be all events fi feature for particular tournament, wey no be all events fi be open to all classifications:

Track Road Field Combined events
Sprints Middle-distance Long-distance Relays Jumps Throws
100 m
200 m
400 m 		800 m
1500 m 		5000 m
10,000 m 		4 × 100 m relay
4 × 400 m relay 		Marathon Long jump
Triple jump
High jump 		Shot put
Discus throw
Javelin throw
Club throw 		Pentathlon

Grand Prix

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Insyd 2017 dem rename am from IPC Athletics Grand Prix go World Para Athletics Grand Prix. Ein purpose be de development of dis sport as well as de classification den make dem dey obtain de Paralympic quota. Annual series of elite track den field athletic competitions dey comprise six to nine of de best athletics meetings.

Since 2013 annual Grand Prix season.

Since 2016 wheelchair racers as part of de World Marathon Majors series.

  1. 2013 IPC Athletics Grand Prix - 7 Meetings
  2. World Para Athletics - Grand Prix 2014 - 9 Meetings
  3. 2015 IPC Athletics Grand Prix - 9+1 Meetings
  4. IPC Athletics 2016 Grand Prix - 9+1 Meetings
  5. 2017 World Para Athletics Grand Prix - 9 Meetings
  6. 2018 World Para Athletics Grand Prix - 9 Meetings
  7. World Para Athletics Grand Prix 2019 - 9 Meetings
  8. WORLD PARA ATHLETICS GRAND PRIX 2020 - 9 Meetings (na dem cancel all of events) World Para Athletics 2020 season: Status update
  9. WORLD PARA ATHLETICS GRAND PRIX 2021 - 6 Meetings
  10. WORLD PARA ATHLETICS GRAND PRIX 2022 - 7 Meetings
  11. WORLD PARA ATHLETICS GRAND PRIX 2023 - 6 Meetings
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  • Timothée Adolphe den ein sighted guide Cédric Felip
    Timothée Adolphe den ein sighted guide Cédric Felip
  • Kenny van Weeghel insyd ein racing chair for de 2006 IPC Athletics World Championships
    Kenny van Weeghel insyd ein racing chair for de 2006 IPC Athletics World Championships
  • Annette Roozen dey compete insyd de long jump plus ein prosthetic leg.
    Annette Roozen dey compete insyd de long jump plus ein prosthetic leg.
  • Athletes plus intellectual disability after dem dey race for de 2000 Summer Paralympics
    Athletes plus intellectual disability after dem dey race for de 2000 Summer Paralympics

References

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  1. ↑ Rees, L; Robinson, P; Shields, N (2019). "Media portrayal of elite athletes with disability - a systematic review". Disabil Rehabil. 41 (4): 374–381. doi:10.1080/09638288.2017.1397775. PMID 29124974. S2CID 41665733.
  2. ↑ "The History of Parasport". www.insidethegames.biz. 2012-09-12. Retrieved 2024-08-18.
  3. ↑ "Athletics". www.ciss.org. Retrieved 2024-08-18.
  4. ↑ "World Para Athletics News & Events". International Paralympic Committee. Retrieved 2024-08-18.
  5. ↑ Athletics. INAS. Retrieved 2019-09-17.
  6. ↑ "IWAS welcomes new International Dwarf Sports Federation events to World Games". www.insidethegames.biz. 2018-11-19. Retrieved 2024-08-18.
  7. ↑ "Mission - iaads2018". www.iaads.info. Retrieved 2024-08-18.
  8. ↑ Deaf Friendly Athletics Resource. England Athletics. Archived 2019-12-14 at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved 2019-09-17.
  9. ↑ Para- Athletics – History Archived 2012-05-31 at the Wayback Machine, Athletics Canada
  10. ↑ About the Sport Archived 2012-06-25 at the Wayback Machine, IPC Athletics
  11. ↑ INAS Global Games. INAS. Retrieved 2019-09-17.
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