Pinisi
| Subclass of | sailing ship  |
|---|---|
| Edey de administrative territorial entity insyd | Makassar |
| Country of origin | Indonesia |
| Intangible cultural heritage status | Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity |
| Described at URL | https://ich.unesco.org/en/RL/01197, https://ich.unesco.org/fr/RL/01197, https://ich.unesco.org/es/RL/01197 |
Literally, de word pinisi dey refer to sam type of rigging (de configuration of masts, sails den ropes (‘lines’)) of Indonesian sailing vessels. Pinisi dey carry seven go eight sails for two masts top, wey dem arrange like sam gaff-ketch plus wat dem dey bell am 'standing gaffs' — that be say unlike chaw Western ships wey dey use such sam rig, dem no dey gbele de two main sails by say dem go raise de spars wey ebe attach plus, but dem dey 'pull out' de sails like curtains along de gaffs wey dem fix for around de centre of de masts.
Etymology den possible origin
[edit | edit source]De earliest mention, for both foreign den indigenous sources, of de term 'pinisi' wey clearly dey refer to sam type of sailing vessel from Sulawesi dey sam 1917 article insyd for de Dutch periodical Coloniale Studiën insyd: "... sam small schooner rigged for European manner insyd."[1]
General description
[edit | edit source]De pinisi rig dey comprise seven go eight sails for two masts, dat be three foresails (for Konjo insyd, de language of de Bontobahari shipwrights, cocoroq[2]) wey dem set ova long bowsprit (anjong), sam main den main-topsail for de main mast top (sombalaq bakka den tampaseqreq), mizzen den mizzen-topsail for smaller mast aft top (sombalaq ri boko den tampaseqreq ri boko), plus, mainly for older vessels top, sam mizzen staysail (parasang) between de masts.
Types of hull
[edit | edit source]Dem get two general types of hull wey use Pinisi rig:[3]
- Palari. Older type of Pinisi plus sam curved stern den keel. Na dem usually smaller pass de Lamba wey na edey use 2 quarter rudder wey dem mount for de side of de stern. Na motorized version usually get single mechanized rudder for ein propeller ein back, but na chaw of motorized vessel dey favor de lambo hull.
- Lambo hull plus pinisi rig. Pinisi of sam long den slender built, wey get straight stern. Dis type of Pinisi be de one currently dey survive for ein motorized version (PLM). Used single mechanized axial rudder, but sam retain quarter rudder for aesthetic purpose.
De original pinisi-rigged ship (palari), be about 50 go 70 feet (15.24 go 21.34 m) for length overall insyd, plus light laden waterline of 34 go 43 feet (10.36 go 13.11 m). Smaller palari be only about 10 m for length insyd. For 2011 insyd, dem plete sam large pinisi-rigged PLM for Bulukumba, wey dey South Sulawesi insyd. Ebe 50 m long den 9 m wide, plus capacity of about 500 tons.[4][5]
Ein History
[edit | edit source]For 19th century insyd, Sulawesian sailor start dey combine de traditional tanja rig plus fore-den-aft rig from Western ships wey dey sail through de archipelago. Pinisi evolve from de base hull of Padewakang plus front-den-aft rig go ein own hull model plus sam native "pinisi rig". For dese evolutionary decades tym insyd, Indonesian sailors den shipbuilders change sam features of de original western schooner. Na dem dey tink say ebe shipbuilders of Ara den Lemo-Lemo wey first build Sulawesian pinisi for 1906 insyd, dem first build penisiq [sic] for sam Bira skipper.[6]
Ein Design den construction
[edit | edit source]Dem dey refer to chaw parts of de pinisi plus demma original Buginese names, such as:
- Anjong, (balancing triangle) wey dey de front deck (Anjungan)
- Sombala, (main sail) de largest sail for de ship insyd
- Tanpasere, (small sail) triangle-shaped sail, wey dey each mast
- Cocoro pantara (front additional sail)
- Cocoro tangnga (middle additional sail)
- Tarengke (row additional sail)
References
[edit | edit source]- ↑ Vuuren, L. Van 1917. 'De Prauwvaart van Celebes'. Koloniale Studien, 1,107-116; 2, 329-339, pg. 108.
- ↑ The /q/ marks the glottal stop, /ʔ/. For maritime terminologies of the area, see Liebner, Horst H. (1993). 'Remarks about the Terminology of Boatbuilding and Seamanship in some Languages of Southern Sulawesi.' Indonesian Circle 59/60: 18-44.
- ↑ "History of the Indonesian Pinisi". www.kastenmarine.com. Retrieved 2024-01-05.
- ↑ Kadek (13 November 2011). "Pinisi 4 million rupiah launched". Kompas.com. Retrieved 12 September 2020.
- ↑ Sastrawat, Indra (22 November 2011). "Largest Pinisi Launched". Kompasiana. Retrieved 15 July 2018.
- ↑ Liebner, Horst H. and Rahman, Ahmad (1998): 'Pola Pengonsepan Pengetahuan Tradisional: Suatu Lontaraq Orang Bugis tentang Pelayaran ', Kesasteraan Bugis dalam Dunia Kontemporer (Makassar).
You fi read further
[edit | edit source]- G. Adrian Horridge, The Konjo boatbuilders and the Bugis Prahus of south Sulawesi, National Maritime Museum, London 1979.
- 2004 Horst H. Liebner, Malayologist, Expert Staff of the Agency for Marine and Fisheries Research, Department of Marine Affairs and Fisheries of the Republic of Indonesia
- www.pinisi.org, insyd Indonesian
External links
[edit | edit source]- Article by Horst Liebner about the traditional boats and ships of Indonesia
- Photographs of pinisi insyd Paotere harbour, Makassar by Peter Loud.