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Kakum National Park

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Kakum National Park
national park
Year dem found am1992 Edit
Native labelKakum National Park Edit
IUCN protected areas categoryIUCN category II: National Park Edit
CountryGhana Edit
Edey de administrative territorial entity insydCentral Region Edit
Ein locationCentral Region Edit
Coordinate location5°21′13″N 1°23′0″W Edit
Significant placeAssin-Attandanso Game Production Reserve Edit
Heritage designationTentative World Heritage Site Edit
World Heritage criteria(vii), (x) Edit
Map

Kakum National Park, dey de coastal area for Central Region[1][2][3] wey dey Ghana.[4] E bola lyk 375 square kilomètres (145 sq mi). Dem do de park for 1931 insyd so say e go check like e be reserve. dem gazette am as national park for 1992 insyd after dem do sam survey dem bell avifauna. De area be tropical forest.[5][6][7] One thing wey dey be about de park be say e be de people for de area way start am, no be de State Department of Wildlife wey dem for do am before. Ebe three location for Africa wey get canopy walkway.[8] Wey dey lyk 350 metres (1,150 ft) long, way esan dey connect seven trees top wey you go fi enter de forest.[6][9]

De most notable endangered species of fauna for de park insyd be Diana monkey,[10] giant bongo antelope,[11] yellow-backed duiker[12] den African elephant.[13] E sanso be Important Bird Area[14] wey de Bird Life International[15] recognize plus de bird area fully dey overlap de park area. Dem confirm 266 species de bird inventory for de park insyd, wey dey include eight species of global conservation concern. One of dis species of concern be de white-breasted guineafowl.[16] Dem record nine species of hornbill[17] den de grey parrot.[18] Wey e sanso get more dan 600 butterflies as well, wey na dem discover a new species insyd 1993. As of 2012, dem locate de densest population of forest elephants for Ghana for Kakum insyd.[19]

De Museums and Monuments Board for de Republic of Ghana propose say UNESCO[20] declare de park natural World Heritage Site under criteria vii den x. Dem make de submission for 2000 insyd wey dem list am under de tentative List of World Heritage Sites.[21]

History

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Insyd 1931, de area dey drain by de headwater wey dey de catchment of de Kakum River as dem declare am as a forest reserve den manage by de Forestry Division. During dis period, dem prevent all logging operations, particularly of de mahogany[22] (Khaya ivorensis) tree species. De logging operations san continue till 1989 wey de management of de reserve transfer am go de Wildlife Department.[7]

A Feasibility Study den Preliminary 5-year Management Plan for de development of Kakum National Park as ebi ecotourism destination dem develop am insyd 1990 under a project wey dem conduct am for de United Nations Development Program (Dudley 1990). De Feasibility Study dey include preliminary biodiversity assessments give de flora den fauna of Kakum Forest Reserve den adjoining Assin-Attandanso Forest Reserve, den an elephant population survey (Dudley 1990; Dudley, Mensah-Ntiamoah,& Kpelle 1992; Dudley 1995). De Feasibility Study den Preliminary 5-year Management Plan dem develop am plus a collaborative den consultative process wey edey involve a consulting biologist, forestry officials, wildlife officials, local communities, Ghanaian universities, regional government officials, den other key stakeholders (Dudley 1992).

Dem for recognize say one, Mr. Ebenezer Kwasi Agbley, de den Central Regional Manager for Ghana Tourist Board carry dis dream come under a program he wey he initiate den implement am - Tourism Development Scheme for Central Region (TODSCER) wey he expand den e become CENTRAL REGION DEVELOPMENT PROGRAM under wey later dem create Commission - Central Region Development Commission(CECECOM). He showcase de TODSCER program insyd America den draw a number of sponsoring institutions both bilateral den multi-lateral from de donor community give de project to ein maturity. De project later carry Game & Wildlife to manage den maintain the Park.

Insyd 1992, de Wildlife Department gazet Kakum say ebe park wey come under de Wildlife Reserves Regulations (Ll 1525) as de Kakum Conservation Area wey edey include de Assin Attandanso Forest Reserve.[23] After a survey for de faunal richness wey dey de conservation area, dem split am into de Kakum National Park den de Assin Attandanso Forest Reserve for de same year insyd. Dem justify de split as ebi argument dat Cape Coast den 33 other towns plus villages continue dey need timber from de forest den potable water wey dem fi get am from Kakum River.[5]

Flora

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Moist forests
  • Entandrophragma cylindricum
  • Entandrophragma angolense
  • Guarea cedrata
  • Guarea thompsonii
  • Piptadeniastrum africanum
  • Milicia excelsa (Lophira alata)
  • Triplochiton scleroxylon
  • Sterculia rhinopetalia
  • Sterculia oblonga
  • Pterygota macrocarpa
  • Anigeria robusta
  • Terminalia superba
  • Strombosia glaucescens
  • Cola gigantea
  • Mansonia altissima
  • Celtis zenkeri
  • Ricinodendron heudelotii
  • Antiaris toxicaria
Swamp forests
  • Alstonia boonei
  • Cleistopholis patens
  • Carapa procera
  • Mitragyna stipulosa
  • Raphia vinifera
  • Scandent
  • Calamus deeratus (Palm)
  • Laccosperma secundiflorum
  • Laccosperma opacum
  • Eremospatha macrocarpa
  • Glyphaea brevis (shrub)
  • Myriathus arboreus
  • Paullinia pinnata
  • Thaumatococcus daniellii (Herb)
  • Sarcophrynium brachystachys
  • Ataenidia conferta
Riverine forest (Edaphic forest)
  • Pseudospondias microcarpa[24]
  • Ceiba pentandra[25]
  • Xylopia spp[26]
  • Uapaca guineensis[27]
Boval vegetation
  • Sansevieria liberica[28]
  • Commelina spp[29]
  • Hildegardia barteri[30] (bloom as red flowers during Christmas)
  • Elaeophorbia grandifolia[31]
  • Sterculia tragacantha[32]
  • Ceiba pathandra
  • Albizia ferruginea[33]
  • Ricinodendron heudelotii[34]

Fauna

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De park dey contain rare animals, dem report chaw oda fauna wey dey include forest elephants,[35] forest buffalo,[36] civet den cats.[9] Two hundred forest elephants (Loxodonta cyclotis), potto[37] (Perodicticus potto), Demidoff's galago[38] (Galago demidovii), African civet[39] (Viverra civetta), two-spotted palm civet[40] (Nandinia binotata), leopard[41] (Panthera pardus), bongo (Tragelaphus euryceros), chaw species of duikers (small antelopes), red river hog[42] (Potamochoerus porcus pictus), giant forest hog[43] (Hylochoerus meinertzhageni), long-tailed pangolin[44] (Manis tetradactyla), white-belied pangolin[45] (Manis tricuspis), giant pangolin[46] (Manis gigantea), chaw species of forest squirrels, North African crested porcupine[47] (Hystrix cristata), dwarf crocodile[48] (Osteolamus tetraspis), monitor lizards, Home's hinged tortoise, serrated tortoise[49] from de park.[5][7]

Primates[50] for de park insyd dey include de Colobus vellerosus[51] (VU), Procolobus verus[52] (LR/nt), den Cercopithecus diana roloway[53] (CR).[6]

Tourism

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Kakum be Ghana ein first protected area wey receive major support give visitor facilities. Dem open de visitor centre for Earth Day 1997 wey de park receive de Global Tourism for Tomorrow Award de year wey dey follow.[54] Tourism numbers increase ova de years: 2,000 insyd 1992; 27,000 insyd 1996; ova 70,000 tourists insyd 1999;[55] wey e attract 135,870 visitors during 2009.[56]

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  • Trees
    Trees
  • The canopy walkway
    The canopy walkway
  • Playground for kids
    Playground for kids
  • Canopy walkway
    Canopy walkway
  • Entrance
    Entrance
  • Sign post
    Sign post
  • Safety tips
    Safety tips

References

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  1. ↑ "Central Region". touringghana.com. 24 February 2016. Archived from the original on 20 March 2022. Retrieved 18 May 2019.
  2. ↑ "Central Region". www.ghanaweb.com. Archived from the original on 3 February 2022. Retrieved 18 May 2019.
  3. ↑ "Kakum National Park (Official GANP Park Page)". national-parks.org. Archived from the original on 26 September 2023. Retrieved 29 July 2023.
  4. ↑ "GTA's Experience Ghana, Share Ghana Campaign To Promote Domestic Tourism Visits Central & Western Regions - Ghana.Travel". 11 May 2023. Archived from the original on 18 June 2024. Retrieved 11 July 2023.
  5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 5.2 "Parks and reserves of Ghana: Management Effectiveness Assessment of Protected Areas" (PDF). IUCN. Archived from the original (PDF) on 7 January 2014. Retrieved 12 April 2013.
  6. ↑ 6.0 6.1 6.2 "Kakum National Park (Assin Attandanso Reserve) (#)". UNESCO. Archived from the original on 2 August 2012. Retrieved 11 April 2013.
  7. ↑ 7.0 7.1 7.2 "Kakum National Park". Microsfere. Archived from the original on 7 January 2014. Retrieved 11 April 2013.
  8. ↑ "Kakum Canopy Walk". Atlas Obscura. Archived from the original on 11 July 2023. Retrieved 11 July 2023.
  9. ↑ 9.0 9.1 "Kakum National Park - Assin Attandaso Resource Reserve". Bird Life. Archived from the original on 1 January 2015. Retrieved 11 April 2013.
  10. ↑ "Diana monkey | primate". Encyclopedia Britannica. Archived from the original on 30 January 2016. Retrieved 18 May 2019.
  11. ↑ "Bongo | antelope". Encyclopedia Britannica. Archived from the original on 19 April 2019. Retrieved 18 May 2019.
  12. ↑ "Yellow-backed duiker (Cephalophus silvicultor) - Quick facts". www.ultimateungulate.com. Archived from the original on 1 May 2011. Retrieved 18 May 2019.
  13. ↑ "African Elephant | Species | WWF". World Wildlife Fund. Archived from the original on 23 March 2022. Retrieved 18 May 2019.
  14. ↑ BirdLife International. "Important Bird and Biodiversity Areas (IBAs)". BirdLife. Archived from the original on 7 January 2019. Retrieved 18 May 2019.
  15. ↑ "BirdLife International | conservation group". Encyclopedia Britannica. Archived from the original on 18 May 2019. Retrieved 18 May 2019.
  16. ↑ "The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Archived from the original on 4 March 2020. Retrieved 18 May 2019.
  17. ↑ BirdLife International. "The Helmeted Hornbill crisis and BirdLife's conservations efforts". BirdLife. Archived from the original on 18 May 2019. Retrieved 18 May 2019.
  18. ↑ BirdLife International. "Ghana's Grey Parrot population may soon cease to exist". BirdLife. Archived from the original on 2 November 2019. Retrieved 18 May 2019.
  19. ↑ Karlya, Maria (7 March 2012). Ghana (Other Places Travel Guide). Other Places Publishing. pp. 120–. ISBN 978-1-935850-10-6. Retrieved 14 April 2013.
  20. ↑ "UNESCO | Definition, History, Members, & Facts". Encyclopedia Britannica. Archived from the original on 2 April 2018. Retrieved 18 May 2019.
  21. ↑ "Kakum National Park (Assin Attandanso Reserve) (#)". UNESCO World Heritage Centre. Archived from the original on 2 August 2012. Retrieved 11 July 2023.
  22. ↑ "Mahogany | wood". Encyclopedia Britannica. Archived from the original on 29 June 2019. Retrieved 18 May 2019.
  23. ↑ "Kakum and the Assin Attandanso Reserves, Ghana". www.fcghana.org. Archived from the original on 1 July 2022. Retrieved 18 May 2019.
  24. ↑ "Pseudospondias microcarpa - Useful Tropical Plants". tropical.theferns.info. Archived from the original on 19 September 2020. Retrieved 18 May 2019.
  25. ↑ "Ceiba pentandra - Useful Tropical Plants". tropical.theferns.info. Archived from the original on 14 May 2020. Retrieved 18 May 2019.
  26. ↑ "Xylopia aethiopica - Useful Tropical Plants". www.tropical.theferns.info. Archived from the original on 7 August 2020. Retrieved 18 May 2019.
  27. ↑ "Uapaca guineensis - Useful Tropical Plants". tropical.theferns.info. Archived from the original on 3 July 2020. Retrieved 18 May 2019.
  28. ↑ "Sansevieria liberica". keyserver.lucidcentral.org. Archived from the original on 19 June 2017. Retrieved 18 May 2019.
  29. ↑ "Commelina spp". earthmedicineinstitute.com. Archived from the original on 18 May 2019. Retrieved 18 May 2019.
  30. ↑ "Hildegardia barteri - Useful Tropical Plants". tropical.theferns.info. Archived from the original on 25 September 2022. Retrieved 18 May 2019.
  31. ↑ "Euphorbia grandifolia - Useful Tropical Plants". tropical.theferns.info. Archived from the original on 25 September 2022. Retrieved 18 May 2019.
  32. ↑ "Sterculia tragacantha - Useful Tropical Plants". tropical.theferns.info. Archived from the original on 15 June 2022. Retrieved 18 May 2019.
  33. ↑ "Albizia ferruginea - Useful Tropical Plants". tropical.theferns.info. Archived from the original on 25 September 2022. Retrieved 18 May 2019.
  34. ↑ "Ricinodendron heudelotii - Useful Tropical Plants". tropical.theferns.info. Archived from the original on 30 April 2016. Retrieved 18 May 2019.
  35. ↑ "African Forest Elephant | Species | WWF". World Wildlife Fund. Archived from the original on 10 June 2020. Retrieved 18 May 2019.
  36. ↑ "Forest buffalo | mammal". Encyclopedia Britannica. Archived from the original on 26 September 2020. Retrieved 18 May 2019.
  37. ↑ "Potto | primate". Encyclopedia Britannica. Archived from the original on 6 October 2020. Retrieved 18 May 2019.
  38. ↑ "Demidoff's dwarf galago (Galagoides demidovii)". Wildsolutions. Archived from the original on 14 August 2020. Retrieved 18 May 2019.
  39. ↑ "African Civet | African Mammal Guide". www.krugerpark.co.za. Archived from the original on 18 May 2019. Retrieved 18 May 2019.
  40. ↑ A-Z-Animals.com. "African Palm Civet". a-z-animals.com. Archived from the original on 29 September 2020. Retrieved 18 May 2019.
  41. ↑ "Facts About Leopards | Kruger National Park Wildlife". www.krugerpark.co.za. Archived from the original on 18 June 2024. Retrieved 18 May 2019.
  42. ↑ "Red River hog". Smithsonian's National Zoo. 25 April 2016. Archived from the original on 7 May 2019. Retrieved 18 May 2019.
  43. ↑ "Giant Forest Hog". Archived from the original on 18 March 2017. Retrieved 18 May 2019.
  44. ↑ Burrell, Leslie. "Manis tetradactyla (long-tailed pangolin)". Animal Diversity Web. Archived from the original on 18 May 2019. Retrieved 18 May 2019.
  45. ↑ "White-bellied pangolin". Pangolin Specialist Group. Archived from the original on 18 May 2019. Retrieved 18 May 2019.
  46. ↑ "Giant Pangolin". Animals. 19 December 2018. Archived from the original on 18 May 2019. Retrieved 18 May 2019.
  47. ↑ "Porcupine, African Crested". wildlifewaystation.org. Archived from the original on 18 May 2019. Retrieved 18 May 2019.
  48. ↑ "African dwarf crocodile". San Diego Zoo Kids. Archived from the original on 18 May 2019. Retrieved 18 May 2019.
  49. ↑ "Home's Hingeback Tortoise". www.reptilesmagazine.com. 29 October 2013. Archived from the original on 18 May 2019. Retrieved 18 May 2019.
  50. ↑ "Primate". ScienceDaily. Archived from the original on 30 June 2019. Retrieved 18 May 2019.
  51. ↑ Walker, Shannon. "Colobus vellerosus (ursine colobus)". Animal Diversity Web. Archived from the original on 4 August 2020. Retrieved 18 May 2019.
  52. ↑ "Procolobus verus (olive colobus)". Animal Diversity Web. Archived from the original on 18 May 2019. Retrieved 18 May 2019.
  53. ↑ Johnson, Kelsey. "Cercopithecus roloway (Roloway monkey)". Animal Diversity Web. Archived from the original on 18 June 2021. Retrieved 18 May 2019.
  54. ↑ Eagles, Paul Franklin John; McCool, Stephen F. (2002). Tourism in national parks and protected areas: planning and management. CABI. pp. 207–. ISBN 978-0-85199-759-9. Retrieved 14 April 2013.
  55. ↑ Zeppel, Heather (2006). Indigenous Ecotourism: Sustainable Development and Management. CABI. pp. 220–. ISBN 978-1-84593-125-4. Retrieved 14 April 2013.
  56. ↑ "Bio diversity and Tropical Forests - Environmental Threats and Opportunities Assessment" (PDF). USAID: Encapafrica.org. pp. 111, 115. Archived from the original (PDF) on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 11 April 2013.
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Kakum National Park at Wikipedia ein sisto projects

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