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Luanda

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Luanda
city, port city, big city, national capital
Year dem found am1575 Edit
Official nameLuanda Edit
Native labelLuanda Edit
DemonymLuandais, Luandaise Edit
CountryAngola Edit
Capital ofAngola Edit
Edey de administrative territorial entity insydLuanda Province Edit
Located in time zoneUTC+01:00 Edit
Located in or next to body of waterAtlantic Ocean Edit
Coordinate location8°50′18″S 13°14′4″E Edit
Member ofUnião das Cidades Capitais Luso-Afro-Américo-Asiáticas Edit
Award e receiveOfficer of the Military Order of the Tower and Sword Edit
Map

Luanda (/luˈændə, -ˈɑːn-/, Portuguese: [luˈɐ̃dɐ]) be de capital den largest city of Angola. Ebe Angola ein primary port, den esan be ein major industrial, cultural den urban centre. E dey locate for Angola ein northern Atlantic coast, Luanda be Angola ein administrative centre, ein chief seaport, wey e sanso be de capital of de Luanda Province. Luanda den ein metropolitan area be de most populous Portuguese-speaking capital city for de world insyd den de most populous Lusophone city outsyd Brazil, wey get over 8.3 million inhabitants insyd 2020 (third of Angola ein population).

Na dem rank Luanda as one of de most expensive cities insyd de world for expatriates.[1][2] De inhabitants of Luanda be mostly members of de ethnic Ambundu people. For recent decades of de 21st century insyd, de number of ethnic Bakongo den Ovimbundu sanso increase. Ethnic Europeans be mainly Portuguese.

Na Luanda be de main host city for de matches of de 2010 African Cup of Nations.

Geography

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Aerial view of de City of Luanda den de Ilha de Luanda.
De Bay of Luanda
Beach cabanas for Ilha de Luanda

Human geography

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Dem divide Luanda into two parts, de Baixa de Luanda (lower Luanda, de old city) den de Cidade Alta (upper city anaa de fresh part). De Baixa de Luanda dey situate next to de port, wey e get narrow streets den old colonial buildings.[3] However, fresh constructions now cover large areas beyond dese traditional limits, den a number of previously independent nuclei — like Viana — na dem incorporate dem into de city.

Metropolitan Luanda

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Until 2011, de former Luanda Province comprise wat now dey form five municipalities. Insyd 2011 na dem enlarge de Province by de addition of two additional municipalities dem transfer from Bengo Province, namely Icolo e Bengo, den Quiçama. Wey dey exclude dese additions, de five municipalities dey comprise Greater Luanda:

Name Area in
km2		 Population
Census
2014		 Population
Estimate
2019[4]
Belas 1,046 1,071,046 1,271,854
Cacuaco 312 1,077,438 1,279,488
Cazenga 37 880,639 1,045,722
Luanda (city) 116 2,165,867 2,571,861
Viana 693 1,600,594 1,900,688
Totals 2,204 6,795,584 8,069,613

Dem create two fresh municipalities within Greater Luanda since 2017: Talatona den Kilamba-Kiaxi

Districts

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Miradouro da Lua insyd Samba district

Dem divide de city of Luanda insyd six urban districts: Ingombota, Angola Quiluanje, Maianga, Rangel, Samba den Sambizanga.

Climate

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Climate data for Luanda (1961-1990, extremes 1879-present)
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Record high °C (°F) 33.9
(93.0) 		34.1
(93.4) 		37.2
(99.0) 		36.1
(97.0) 		36.1
(97.0) 		35.0
(95.0) 		28.9
(84.0) 		28.3
(82.9) 		31.0
(87.8) 		31.2
(88.2) 		36.1
(97.0) 		33.6
(92.5) 		37.2
(99.0)
Mean daily maximum °C (°F) 29.5
(85.1) 		30.5
(86.9) 		30.7
(87.3) 		30.2
(86.4) 		28.8
(83.8) 		25.7
(78.3) 		23.9
(75.0) 		24.0
(75.2) 		25.4
(77.7) 		26.8
(80.2) 		28.4
(83.1) 		28.6
(83.5) 		27.7
(81.9)
Daily mean °C (°F) 26.7
(80.1) 		28.5
(83.3) 		28.6
(83.5) 		28.2
(82.8) 		27.0
(80.6) 		23.9
(75.0) 		22.1
(71.8) 		22.1
(71.8) 		23.5
(74.3) 		25.2
(77.4) 		26.7
(80.1) 		26.9
(80.4) 		25.8
(78.4)
Mean daily minimum °C (°F) 23.9
(75.0) 		24.7
(76.5) 		24.6
(76.3) 		24.3
(75.7) 		23.3
(73.9) 		20.3
(68.5) 		18.7
(65.7) 		18.8
(65.8) 		20.2
(68.4) 		22.0
(71.6) 		23.3
(73.9) 		23.5
(74.3) 		22.3
(72.1)
Record low °C (°F) 18.0
(64.4) 		16.1
(61.0) 		20.0
(68.0) 		17.8
(64.0) 		17.8
(64.0) 		12.8
(55.0) 		11.0
(51.8) 		12.2
(54.0) 		15.0
(59.0) 		17.8
(64.0) 		17.2
(63.0) 		17.8
(64.0) 		11.0
(51.8)
Average rainfall mm (inches) 30
(1.2) 		36
(1.4) 		114
(4.5) 		136
(5.4) 		16
(0.6) 		0
(0) 		0
(0) 		1
(0.0) 		2
(0.1) 		7
(0.3) 		32
(1.3) 		31
(1.2) 		405
(16)
Average rainy days (≥ 0.1 mm) 4 5 9 11 2 0 0 1 3 5 8 5 53
Average relative humidity (%) 80 78 80 83 83 82 83 85 84 81 82 81 82
Mean monthly sunshine hours 217.0 203.4 207.7 192.0 229.4 207.0 167.4 148.8 150.0 167.4 186.0 201.5 2,277.6
Mean daily sunshine hours 7.0 7.2 6.7 6.4 7.4 6.9 5.4 4.8 5.0 5.4 6.2 6.5 6.2
Source 1: Deutscher Wetterdienst[5]
Source 2: Meteo Climat (record highs and lows)[6]

Demographics

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Year Population
1970 (Census) 475,328[7]
2014 (Census) 6,760,439[7]
2018 (Projection) 7,774,200[7]
Na dem build Luanda Cathedral insyd 1628

De inhabitants of Luanda be primarily members of African ethnic groups, mainly Ambundu, Ovimbundu, den Bakongo. De official den de most widely used language be Portuguese, although dem sanso dey use several Bantu languages, chiefly Kimbundu, Umbundu, den Kikongo.[8]

N. Sra. da Nazaré Church, b. 1664

Places of worship

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Among de places of worship, several be predominantly Christian churches den congregations:[8]

  • Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Luanda (Catholic Church)
  • Evangelical Congregational Church in Angola (World Communion of Reformed Churches)
  • Evangelical Reformed Church in Angola (World Communion of Reformed Churches)
  • Baptist Convention of Angola (Baptist World Alliance)
  • Universal Church of the Kingdom of God
  • Assemblies of God
  • Jehovah’s Witnesses

Culture

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Statue of Queen Nzinga
National Museum of Anthropology
National Museum of Slavery

De city be home to numerous museums, wey dey include:

  • National Museum of Anthropology
  • National Museum of Natural History
  • Museum of the Armed Forces
  • National Museum of Slavery

Oda monuments insyd de city dey include:

  • Palácio de Ferro
  • Fortress of São Miguel
  • Fortress of São Francisco do Penedo
  • Luanda Cathedral
  • Igreja de Jesus
  • Igreja da Nossa Senhora do Cabo
  • Igreja da Nossa Senhora da Conceição
  • Igreja da Nossa Senhora da Nazaré
  • Igreja da Nossa Senhora do Carmo
  • Arquivo Histórico Nacional

Education

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Mutu-ya Kevela Prep. School
Agostinho Neto University

International schools:

  • Escola Portuguesa de Luanda
  • Colégio Português de Luanda
  • Colégio São Francisco de Assis
  • Luanda International School
  • English School Community of Luanda

Higher education

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Universities:

International relations

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Twin towns – Sisto cities

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Dem twin Luanda plus:

References

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  1. ↑ "Luanda most expensive city for expats" (in British English). 2017-06-21. Archived from the original on 2019-02-23. Retrieved 2019-06-15.
  2. ↑ Neild, Barry (2018-06-26). "Most expensive city for expats revealed". CNN Travel (in English). Archived from the original on 2019-05-30. Retrieved 2019-06-15.
  3. ↑ MBRO%20de%202010.pdf Streets of Luanda from the Luanda Provincial Government website new pictures from Luanda City (Portuguese)
  4. ↑ Instituto Nacional de Estatística, República de Angola.
  5. ↑ "Klimatafel von Luanda, Prov. Luanda / Angola" (PDF). Baseline climate means (1961-1990) from stations all over the world (in German). Deutscher Wetterdienst. Archived (PDF) from the original on 12 May 2019. Retrieved 11 June 2016.
  6. ↑ "Station Luanda" (in French). Meteo Climat. Retrieved 11 June 2016.
  7. ↑ 7.0 7.1 7.2 "Angola: Provinces, Major Cities, Urban Localities & Urban Agglomerations - Population Statistics, Maps, Charts, Weather and Web Information". Archived from the original on 2019-07-02. Retrieved 2019-03-28.
  8. ↑ 8.0 8.1 Britannica,Angola Archived 2019-04-09 at the Wayback Machine, britannica.com, USA, accessed on July 7, 2019
  9. ↑ "Sister Cities". www.houstontx.gov. Archived from the original on 19 September 2017. Retrieved 26 September 2017.
  10. ↑ "Pesquisa de Legislação Municipal - No 14471" [Research Municipal Legislation - No 14471]. Prefeitura da Cidade de São Paulo [Municipality of the City of São Paulo] (in Portuguese). Archived from the original on 2011-10-18. Retrieved 2013-08-23.
  11. ↑ Lei Municipal de São Paulo 14471 de 2007 Archived 2013-09-28 at the Wayback Machine WikiSource (insyd Portuguese)
  12. ↑ "Lisboa - Geminações de Cidades e Vilas" [Lisbon - Twinning of Cities and Towns]. Associação Nacional de Municípios Portugueses [National Association of Portuguese Municipalities] (in Portuguese). Archived from the original on 2015-02-01. Retrieved 2013-08-23.
  13. ↑ "Acordos de Geminação, de Cooperação e/ou Amizade da Cidade de Lisboa" [Lisbon - Twinning Agreements, Cooperation and Friendship]. Camara Municipal de Lisboa (in Portuguese). Archived from the original on 2013-10-31. Retrieved 2013-08-23.
  14. ↑ "Geminações de Cidades e Vilas". www.anmp.pt. Archived from the original on 12 July 2021. Retrieved 16 August 2021.
  15. ↑ "International Relations of the City of Porto" (PDF). © 2006–2009 Municipal Directorateofthe PresidencyServices InternationalRelationsOffice. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2012-01-13. Retrieved 2009-07-10.
  16. ↑ Associação Porto Digital. "C.M. Porto". Cm-porto.pt. Archived from the original on 2011-05-15. Retrieved 2011-04-17.
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