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Libya

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Libya
sovereign state, Mediterranean country, country
Part ofNorth Africa Edit
Year dem found am15 August 1551, 2 March 1977, 1 September 1969, 24 December 1951 Edit
Official nameStato della Libia, l’État de Libye, Ливия дәүләте, State of Libya Edit
Native labelدولة ليبيا Edit
Short name🇱🇾 Edit
Official languageArabic Edit
AnthemLibya, Libya, Libya Edit
Cultureculture of Libya Edit
ContinentAfrica Edit
CountryLibya Edit
CapitalTripoli Edit
Located in time zoneUTC+02:00, Eastern European Time, Africa/Tripoli Edit
Located in or next to body of waterMediterranean Sea Edit
Located in/on physical featureNorth Africa Edit
Coordinate location27°0′0″N 17°0′0″E Edit
Coordinates of easternmost point31°39′26″N 25°8′57″E Edit
Coordinates of northernmost point33°9′0″N 11°34′12″E Edit
Coordinates of southernmost point19°30′0″N 24°0′0″E Edit
Coordinates of westernmost point30°10′5″N 9°23′30″E Edit
Highest pointBikku Bitti Edit
Lowest pointSabkhat Ghuzayyil Edit
Government ein basic formrepublic Edit
Office held by head of stateChairman of the Presidential Council Edit
State ein headMohamed al-Menfi Edit
Office head of government holdPrime Minister of Libya Edit
Government ein headAbdulhamid Dbeibeh Edit
Legislative bodyHouse of Representatives, High Council of State Edit
Central bankCentral Bank of Libya Edit
CurrencyLibyan dinar Edit
Driving sideright Edit
Electrical plug typeEuroplug, AC power plugs and sockets: British and related types, Schuko, Type L Edit
Dey followGreat Socialist People's Libyan Arab Jamahiriya Edit
Dey replaceGreat Socialist People's Libyan Arab Jamahiriya Edit
Studied byLibyan studies Edit
HashtagLibya Edit
Top-level Internet domain.ly Edit
Flagflag of Libya Edit
Coat of armscoat of arms of Libya Edit
Geography of topicgeography of Libya Edit
Get characteristicnot-free country Edit
History of topichistory of Libya Edit
Economy of topiceconomy of Libya Edit
Demographics of topicdemographics of Libya Edit
MadhhabMalikism Edit
Mobile country code606 Edit
Country calling code+218 Edit
Emergency phone number190, 191, 193 Edit
GS1 country code624 Edit
Licence plate codeLAR Edit
Maritime identification digits642 Edit
Unicode character🇱🇾 Edit
Category for maps or plansCategory:Maps of Libya Edit
Map

Libya (/ˈlɪbiə/ (listen); Arabic: ليبيا, romanized: Lībiyā, pronounced [liː.bi.jæː]), officially de State of Libya (Arabic: دولة ليبيا, romanized: Dawlat Lībiyā), be country for de Maghreb region wey dey North Africa. De Mediterranean Sea dey border am go de north, Egypt go de east, Sudan go de southeast, Chad go de south, Niger go de southwest, Algeria go de west, den Tunisia go de northwest. Libya get three historical regions: Tripolitania, Fezzan, den Cyrenaica. Plus area of almost 1.8 million km2 (700,000 sq mi), ebe de fourth-largest country for Africa den de Arab world insyd, den de 16th-largest for de world insyd.[1] Libya dey claim 32,000 square kilometres of southeastern Algeria, south of de Libyan town of Ghat.[2][3] De country ein official religion be Islam, plus 96.6% of de Libyan population be Sunni Muslims.[2] De official language for Libya be Arabic, plus vernacular Libyan Arabic be de one dem dey speak waa, wey de majority of Libya ein population be Arab.[4] De largest city den capital, Tripoli, dey locate for north-western Libya wey edey contain ova million of Libya ein seven million people.[5]

Berbers inhabit Libya since de late Bronze Age as descendants from Iberomaurusian den Capsian dema cultures.[6] For classical antiquity insyd, de Phoenicians establish city-states den postd dem dey trade for western Libya insyd, while na dem establish chaw Greek cities for de East insyd. Carthaginians, Persians, den Greeks rule parts of Libya before de entire region cam turn part of de Roman Empire. Na Libya be early center of Christianity. After de fall of de Western Roman Empire, de Vandals mstly occupy de area of Libya til de 7th century wen invasions take Islam cam de region. From then dey go, centuries of Arab migration go de Maghreb shift de demographic scope of Libya wey favor de Arabs. For de 16th century insyd, de Spanish Empire den de Knights of St John occupy Tripoli til Ottoman rule begin for 1551 insyd. Na Libya be involve for de Barbary Wars of de 18th den 19th centuries. Ottoman rule continue til de Italo-Turkish War, wey result for de Italian occupation of Libya den de establishment of two colonies, Italian Tripolitania den Italian Cyrenaica (1911–1934), later dem unify for de Italian Libya colony insyd from 1934 go 1943.

During de Second World War, na Libya be area of warfare for de North African Campaign insyd. De Italian population then go into decline. Libya cam turn independent as kingdom for 1951 insyd. Bloodless military coup for 1969 insyd, coalition wey Colonel Muammar Gaddafi initiate, ovathrow King Idris I wey he create republic.[7] Na critics often dey describe Gaddafi as dictator, wey na he be one of de world ein longest serving non-royal leaders, wey rule for 42 years.[8] He rule til dem ovathrow den kill am during de 2011 Libyan Civil War, wey na ebe part of de wider Arab Spring, plus dem transfer authority give de National Transitional Council then give de General National Congress dem elect. By 2014 two rival authorities claim dem dey govern Libya,[9][10][11] wey lead to second civil war, plus dem split parts of Libya between de Tobruk den Tripoli-based governments as well as various tribal den Islamist militias.[12] De two main warring sides sign permanent ceasefire for 2020 insyd, wey a unity government take authority make e plan give democratic elections, though political rivalries dey continue dey delay dis.[13]

Libya be developing country wey dey rank 92nd by HDI,[14] de highest score insyd mainland Africa, wey e get de 10th-largest proven oil reserves insyd de world.[15] Libya be member of de United Nations, de Non-Aligned Movement, de African Union, de Arab League, de Organization of Islamic Cooperation (OIC) den Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC).

Politics

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Administrative divisions

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Districts of Libya since 2007

Historically, na dem consider de area of Libya three provinces (anaa states), Tripolitania insyd de northwest, Barka (Cyrenaica) insyd de east, den Fezzan insyd de southwest. Na ebe de conquest by Italy insyd de Italo-Turkish War wey unite dem insyd a single political unit.

Since 2007, dem divide Libya into 22 districts (Shabiyat):

  1. Nuqat al Khams
  2. Zawiya
  3. Jafara
  4. Tripoli
  5. Murqub
  6. Misrata
  7. Sirte
  8. Benghazi
  9. Marj
  10. Jabal al Akhdar
  11. Derna
  12. Tobruk
  13. Nalut
  14. Jabal al Gharbi
  15. Wadi al Shatii
  16. Jufra
  17. Al Wahat
  18. Ghat
  19. Wadi al Hayaa
  20. Sabha
  21. Murzuq
  22. Kufra

Insyd 2022, na dem declare 18 provinces by de Libyan Government of National Unity (Libyan Observer): de eastern coast, Jabal Al-Akhdar, Al-Hizam, Benghazi, Al-Wahat, Al-Kufra, Al-Khaleej, Al-Margab, Tripoli, Al-Jafara, Al-Zawiya, West Coast, Gheryan, Zintan, Nalut, Sabha, Al-Wadi, den Murzuq Basin.

Demographics

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Largest cities

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Largest cities anaa towns insyd Libya

[1][2][3]

Rank Name District Pop.
Tripoli

Benghazi

1 Tripoli Tripoli 1,250,000 Misrata

Beida

2 Benghazi Benghazi 700,000
3 Misrata Misurata 350,000
4 Beida Jebel el-Akhdar 250,000
5 Khoms Murqub 201,000
6 Zawiya Zawiya 200,000
7 Ajdabiya Al Wahat 134,000
8 Sebha Sebha 130,000
9 Sirte Sirte 128,000
10 Tobruk Butnan 120,000

References

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  1. ↑ "Demographic Yearbook (3) Pop., Rate of Pop. Increase, Surface Area & Density" (PDF). United Nations Statistics Division. Archived from the original (PDF) on 14 November 2012. Retrieved 5 February 2013.
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 "Libya". The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency. 7 August 2024. Archived from the original on 9 January 2021. Retrieved 19 August 2024.
  3. ↑ "Libya-Algeria". Archived from the original on 28 September 2023. Retrieved 1 April 2024.
  4. ↑ Britannica Student Encyclopaedia. Encyclopaedia Britannica, Inc. 1 May 2014. ISBN 978-1-62513-172-0.
  5. ↑ "Libya Demographics Profile 2014". Indexmundi.com. 30 June 2015. Archived from the original on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 1 April 2016.
  6. ↑ J. Desanges, "The proto-Berbers", pp. 236–245, especially p. 237, in General History of Africa, vol. II: Ancient Civilizations of Africa (UNESCO 1990).
  7. ↑ "1969: Bloodless coup in Libya". 1 September 1969. Archived from the original on 20 July 2011. Retrieved 25 October 2018.
  8. ↑ Kafala, Tarik (20 October 2011). "Gaddafi's quixotic and brutal rule". BBC News. Archived from the original on 24 April 2023.
  9. ↑ "Rival second Libyan assembly chooses own PM as chaos spreads". Reuters. 25 August 2014. Archived from the original on 26 August 2014. Retrieved 25 August 2014.
  10. ↑ Chris Stephen. "Libyan parliament takes refuge in Greek car ferry". The Guardian. Archived from the original on 4 April 2016. Retrieved 1 April 2016.
  11. ↑ "Peace talks between Libyan factions to take place in Geneva". Sun Herald. 7 August 2015. Retrieved 7 August 2015.
  12. ↑ "Libyan government offensive in Benghazi stalls as Islamists dig in". Reuters. 6 August 2015. Archived from the original on 9 August 2015. Retrieved 7 August 2015.
  13. ↑ "Libyan Civil War: Two warring factions sign 'permanent' ceasefire". The Daily Star. 24 October 2020. Archived from the original on 15 April 2021. Retrieved 5 March 2021.
  14. ↑ "Human Development Report 2023/24" (PDF). United Nations Development Programme. 13 March 2024. Archived (PDF) from the original on 13 March 2024. Retrieved 13 March 2024.
  15. ↑ "World proven crude oil reserves by country, 1980–2004". OPEC. Archived from the original on 11 July 2012. Retrieved 5 February 2013.
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Government

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History

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Maps

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Dem retrieve am from "https://gpe.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Libya&oldid=54731"