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Southern African Development Community

From Wikipedia
Southern African Development Community
international organization
Industryinternational governmental or non-governmental organizations Edit
Year dem found am1980, 1992 Edit
CountryBotswana Edit
Get subsidiarySADC Statistics Committee, SADC Tribunal Edit
Demma headquarters locationGaborone Edit
Dema official websitehttps://www.sadc.int Edit
Official observer status in organisationWorld Intellectual Property Organization, United Nations General Assembly, International Organization for Migration Edit

De Southern African Development Community (SADC) be inter-governmental organization wey get ein headquarters insyd Gaborone, Botswana.

Goals

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Ein goal be say dem go further regional socio-economic cooperation den integration as well as political den security cooperation among 16 countries insyd southern Africa.[1] Although ein primary objectives be development, economic growth, den poverty alleviation, peacekeeping cam turn increasingly important to de SADC.[2]

Member states

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As of 2022, de SADC get a total of 16 member states:[3]

Member states surface area den populations[4]
Country Area (km2) Population (2020)[5] GDP (USD) Notes on Membership
Total (billions)[6] Per Capita[6]
Angola 1,246,700 32,866,268 $124.86 $3,792.75
Botswana 582,000 2,351,625 $18.42 $7,519.2
Comoros[7][8] 2,235 869,595 $1.31 $1,371.02 Na dem admit de Union of Comoros into SADC for de 37th SADC Summit of Heads of State den Government dem hold insyd Pretoria, South Africa insyd 2017, wey bring de total number of Member States to 16.[9]
DR Congo 2,344,858 89,561,404 $64.79 $669.36 Since 8 September 1997
Eswatini 17,363 1,160,164 $4.65 $4,035.54
Lesotho 30,355 2,142,252 $2.56 $1,212.57
Madagascar 587,295 27,691,019 $14.61 $504.31 Dem admit for 18 August 2005. Na dem reinstate membership reinstated for 30 January 2014[10] after an imposed suspension insyd 2009
Malawi 118,484 19,129,955 $12.04 $545.06
Mauritius 1,969 1,265,740 $11.26 $8,892.11 Since 28 August 1995
Mozambique 801,590 31,255,435 $18.09 $546.71
Namibia 824,268 2,540,916 $13.01 $5,016.17 Since 21 March 1990 (since independence)
Seychelles 456 98,462 $1.75 $17,693.00 Previously san be a member of SADC from 8 September 1997 til 1 July 2004 wey e san join insyd 2008.
South Africa 1,221,037 59,308,690 $426.17 $6,979.44 Since 30 August 1994
Tanzania 947,303 59,734,213 $77.51 $1,260.06
Zambia 752,612 18,383,956 $26.66 $1,330.37
Zimbabwe 390,757 14,862,927 $36.38 $2,300.56

Burundi request make e join.[11]

Structure den decision-making procedures

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De organization get six principal bodies:

  • De Summit, wey dey comprise heads of state anaa heads of government
  • Organ on Politics, Defense den Security
  • Council of Ministers
  • SADC Tribunal
  • SADC National Committees (SNCs)
  • Secretariat

Except for de Tribunal (base insyd Windhoek, Namibia), SNCs den Secretariat, decision-making be by consensus.

Leaders

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Chairmen

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Country Chairperson Term
Zambia Levy Mwanawasa 2007–2008
South Africa Kgalema Motlanthe 2008–2009
Democratic Republic of the Congo Joseph Kabila 2009–2010
Namibia Hifikepunye Pohamba 2010–2011
Angola José Eduardo dos Santos 2011–2012
Mozambique Armando Guebuza 2012–2013
Malawi Joyce Banda

Peter Mutharika

2013–31 May 2014

31 May–17 August 2014

Zimbabwe Robert Mugabe 2014–17 August 2015
Botswana Ian Khama 17 August 2015 – 2016
Eswatini King Mswati III 2016–2017
South Africa Jacob Zuma

Cyril Ramaphosa

2017–2018
Namibia Hage Geingob 17 August 2018 – 17 August 2019
Tanzania John Magufuli[12] 17 August 2019 – 17 August 2020
Mozambique Filipe Nyusi 17 August 2020 – 17 August 2021
Malawi Lazarus Chakwera 17 August 2021 – 17 August 2022
Democratic Republic of the Congo Félix Tshisekedi 17 August 2022 – 17 August 2023
Angola João Lourenço[13] 17 August 2023 – 17 August 2024
Zimbabwe Emmerson Mnangagwa[14] 17 August 2024 – present

Executive Secretaries

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Country Image Name Term
Namibia Kaire Mbuende 1994–2000
Mauritius Prega Ramsamy 2000–2001 (Dey act)

2001–2005

Mozambique Tomaz Salomão 2005–2013
Tanzania Stergomena Tax 2013–2021
Botswana Elias Mpedi Magosi 2021–present

Comparison plus oda regional blocs

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African Economic Community
Pillar regional

blocs (REC)

Area

(km²)

Population GDP (PPP) ($US) Member

states

(millions) (per capita)
EAC 5,449,717 343,328,958 737,420 2,149 8
ECOWAS/CEDEAO 5,112,903 349,154,000 1,322,452 3,788 15
IGAD 5,233,604 294,197,387 225,049 1,197 7
AMU/UMA a 6,046,441 106,919,526 1,299,173 12,628 5
ECCAS/CEEAC 6,667,421 218,261,591 175,928 1,451 11
SADC 9,882,959 394,845,175 737,392 3,152 15
COMESA 12,873,957 406,102,471 735,599 1,811 20
CEN-SAD a 14,680,111 29
Total AEC 29,910,442 853,520,010 2,053,706 2,406 54
Other regional

blocs

Area

(km²)

Population GDP (PPP) ($US) Member

states

(millions) (per capita)
WAMZ 1 1,602,991 264,456,910 1,551,516 5,867 6
SACU 1 2,693,418 51,055,878 541,433 10,605 5
CEMAC 2 3,020,142 34,970,529 85,136 2,435 6
UEMOA 1 3,505,375 80,865,222 101,640 1,257 8
UMA 2 a 5,782,140 84,185,073 491,276 5,836 5
GAFTA 3 a 5,876,960 1,662,596 6,355 3,822 5
AES   2,780,159 71,374,000 179,347 3
During 2004. Sources: The World Factbook 2005, IMF WEO Database.

 Smallest value among de blocs dem compare.

 Largest value among de blocs dem compare.

1: Economic bloc insyd a pillar REC.

2: Dem propose for pillar REC, buh dem object participation.

3: Non-African members of GAFTA be excluded from figures.

a: De area 446,550 km2 dem use give Morocco dey exclude all disputed territories, while 710,850 km2 go include de Moroccan-claimed den partially-controlled parts of Western Sahara (dem claim as de Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic by de Polisario Front). Morocco sanso dey claim Ceuta den Melilla, wey dey make up about 22.8 km2 (8.8 sq mi) more territory dem claim.

References

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  1. ↑ Schenoni, Luis L. (3 April 2018). "The Southern African unipolarity". Journal of Contemporary African Studies. 36 (2): 207–228. doi:10.1080/02589001.2017.1364355. S2CID 158137607 – via Taylor and Francis+NEJM.
  2. ↑ Shinn, David H.; Eisenman, Joshua (2023). China's Relations with Africa: a New Era of Strategic Engagement. New York: Columbia University Press. ISBN 978-0-231-21001-0.
  3. ↑ "Member States". Southern African Development Community. Archived from the original on 21 May 2020. Retrieved 31 July 2017.
  4. ↑ "Population by sex, annual rate of population increase, surface area and density" (PDF). United Nations Statistics Division: 1–2. Archived (PDF) from the original on 10 November 2013. Retrieved 27 January 2017.
  5. ↑ "Population, total - Angola, Botswana, Comoros, Congo, Dem. Rep., Eswatini, Lesotho, Madagascar, Malawi, Mauritius, Mozambique, Namibia, Seychelles, South Africa, Tanzania, Zambia, Zimbabwe | Data". data.worldbank.org. Archived from the original on 30 December 2022. Retrieved 2022-03-13.
  6. ↑ 6.0 6.1 "IMF World Economic Outlook Database". International Monetary Fund (in English). 2022-04-01. Archived from the original on 30 December 2022. Retrieved 21 June 2022.
  7. ↑ "Communiqué of the 37th Summit SADC of Heads of State and Government or Tambo Building, Department of International Relations and Cooperation (DIRCO) Pretoria, South Africa" (PDF). Southern African Development Community. 20 August 2017. Archived from the original (PDF) on 31 August 2017. Retrieved 31 July 2017.
  8. ↑ "The Union of Comoros becomes the 16th SADC Member State". Southern African Development Community. 20 August 2017. Archived from the original on 14 May 2019. Retrieved 31 July 2017.
  9. ↑ Tore, Ozgur (28 August 2017). "Comoros joins Southern African Development Community – SADC". ftnnews.com. FTN News. Archived from the original on 30 December 2022. Retrieved 31 January 2018.
  10. ↑ "SADC Lifts Madagascar Suspension". SADC. Archived from the original on 9 October 2019. Retrieved 30 January 2014.
  11. ↑ Nakale, Albertina (22 August 2017). "Southern Africa: Comoros Admitted into SADC". Archived from the original on 1 September 2017. Retrieved 31 August 2017.
  12. ↑ "Tanzanian president assumes SADC chair, calls for vigorous industrialization drive". Xinhua News Agency. Archived from the original on 17 August 2019. Retrieved 17 August 2019.
  13. ↑ "COMMUNIQUÉ OF THE 43rd ORDINARY SUMMIT". SADC. 17 August 2023. Archived from the original on 20 August 2023. Retrieved 20 August 2023.
  14. ↑ "Mnangagwa Assumes SADC Chair, Pledges Sustainable Development". newscentral.africa. 17 August 2024. Archived from the original on 18 August 2024. Retrieved 18 August 2024.

Read further

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  • Gabriël Oosthuizen, The Southern African Development Community: The organisation, its history, policies and prospects. Institute for Global Dialogue: Midrand, South Africa, 2006.
  • John McCormick, The European Union: Politics and Policies. Westview Press: Boulder, Colorado, 2004.
  • Muntschick, Johannes, The Southern African Development Community (SADC) and the European Union (EU). Regionalism and External Influence. Palgrave Macmillan: Cham. 2017. ISBN 978-3-319-45330-9.
  • Ramsamy, Prega 2003 Global partnership for Africa. Presentation at the human rights conference on global partnerships for Africa's development, Gaborone: SADC
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